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Jan 6, 2016 · On an experiential level, a perceptual moment is usually defined as what one experiences in the immediate and “specious present,” i.e., a time interval spanning several hundreds of milliseconds (ms) to a second (see Anderson and Grush, 2009, for definition).
- Method
- Results
- Discussion
Participants
Twenty students of the University of Zurich took part in two 1-h sessions in exchange for partial course credit or 30 Swiss Francs (~ 30 USD). Two participants were excluded from analysis because they produced no or practically inaudible speech records in the rehearsal session, leaving a final sample of N= 18.
Materials
The experiment (as all the others reported here) was programmed in PsychoPy 2 (Peirce, 2007). The colors were sampled from a color circle in the CIE Lab color space (L = 70, a = 20, b = 38, radius = 60) and shown as colored disks. The pictures were sampled from 100 colored pictures of concrete objects published by Tim Brady.Footnote 1 The words were taken from the BAWL-R database (Võ et al., 2009), which contains ratings of imageability, among other variables. We selected four sets of long ve...
Procedure
Figure 1shows the flow of events in a trial with words (Panel A), colors (Panel B), and pictures (Panel C). In each trial, the three memory items were presented sequentially for 0.9 s each (1.5 s for the pictures to ensure that they were encoded well, including generation of a verbal label that could be rehearsed). The words were presented centrally with an interstimulus interval of 0.1 s. The colors and pictures were presented in three equidistant locations on a virtual circle, in clock-wise...
By choosing a small memory load we aimed to ensure good memory accuracy, and this was successful: Recall accuracy was very good, with p(correct) > .9 for all word and picture conditions, and mean error of color reproduction at 20° and 27° in the refreshing and rehearsal conditions, respectively. Accuracy was not a dependent variable of interest and...
The results of Experiment 1 support three conclusions. First, the speed at which young adults think that they can comfortably refresh items sequentially is about 0.2 s per item. This estimate was remarkably consistent across the materials we tested (i.e., words of different lengths, colors, and pictures), as could be expected from the assumption th...
- Klaus Oberauer, Alessandra S. Souza
- 2020
In this study, we briefly discuss various markers that have been proposed to predict cognitive performance. Next, we develop a novel approach to characterize cognitive performance by analyzing eye-blink rate variability dynamics. Our findings are based on a sample of 24 subjects.
Selective attention is the ability to select certain stimuli in the environment to process, while ignoring distracting information. One way to get an intuitive sense of how attention works is to consider situations in which attention is used. A party provides an excellent example for our purposes.
Mar 15, 2018 · In the past decades, one particular mechanism of maintenance, attentional refreshing, has attracted an increasing amount of interest in the field of working memory. However, this mechanism...
Jan 31, 2022 · THAT’S YOUR BRAIN’S REFRESH RATE, according to a new study looking at the lag in processing visual stimuli. Today, we look at how our brain constantly uploads visual stimuli, including...
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Aug 8, 2019 · There is broad agreement that working memory is closely related to attention. This article delineates several theoretical options for conceptualizing this link, and evaluates their viability in light of their theoretical implications and the empirical support they received.
