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1. plato.stanford.edu › ARCHIVES › WIN2009Doctrine of Double Effect - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

   plato.stanford.edu › ARCHIVES › WIN2009

   Jul 28, 2004 · Aquinas observes that “Nothing hinders one act from having two effects, only one of which is intended, while the other is beside the intention. … Accordingly, the act of self-defense may have two effects: one, the saving of one's life; the other, the slaying of the aggressor.”

2. www.philosophy.ox.ac.uk › files › thelimitsofselfThe Limits of Self-Defense - University of Oxford

   www.philosophy.ox.ac.uk › files › thelimitsofself

   According to the traditional understanding of necessity in self- defense, a defensive act is unnecessary, and therefore wrong, only if there is an alterna-tive means of defense with at least an equal probability of success that would cause less harm.1 There are obvious counterexamples to this understanding of necessity. For example:

3. plato.stanford.edu › entries › self-defenseSelf-Defense - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

   plato.stanford.edu › entries › self-defense

   Jun 29, 2021 · 6.1 Self-Defense vs. Other-Defense. What is the relationship between the morality of self-defense and the morality of defending others? One natural view is that the two share the same underlying rationale, such that the permissibility of other-defense goes “hand-in-hand” with the permissibility of self-defense (Thomson 1991: 306).

4. philosophy.stackexchange.com › questions › 39610ethics - What can a Kantian do in self-defense? - Philosophy ...

   philosophy.stackexchange.com › questions › 39610

   Dec 10, 2016 · While Kant himself does not discuss this type of scenario (called self-defense under an innocent aggressor), a moral theory informed by the Kantian maxim (Never treat others as mere means) has been developed in the name of the doctrine of double effect (DDE).

5. iep.utm.edu › evil-logLogical Problem of Evil - Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

   iep.utm.edu › evil-log

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   The article clarifies the nature of the logical problem of evil and considers various theistic responses to the problem. Special attention is given to the free will defense, which has been the most widely discussed theistic response to the logical problem of evil.

6. plato.stanford.edu › entries › hobbes-moralHobbes’s Moral and Political Philosophy (Stanford ...

   plato.stanford.edu › entries › hobbes-moral

   Feb 12, 2002 · The 17 th Century English philosopher Thomas Hobbes is now widely regarded as one of a handful of truly great political philosophers, whose masterwork Leviathan rivals in significance the political writings of Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Rousseau, Kant, and Rawls.

7. People also ask

   What is Kant's theory of self-defense?

   • While Kant himself does not discuss this type of scenario (called self-defense under an innocent aggressor), a moral theory informed by the Kantian maxim (Never treat others as mere means) has been developed in the name of the doctrine of double effect (DDE).

   Reference

   philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/39610/what-can-a-kantian-do-in-self-defense

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   Is self-defense permissible?

   • However, Aquinas observes, the permissibility of self-defense is not unconditional: “And yet, though proceeding from a good intention, an act may be rendered unlawful if it be out of proportion to the end.

   Doctrine of Double Effect - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

   plato.stanford.edu/ARCHIVES/WIN2009/entries/double-effect/

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   What is the right to self-defense?

   • That is what makes the right to self-defense the ultimate foundation, the Grundnorm for all other human rights. It is the right of last resort that every person and group can claim when all other fundamental rights are abridged or threatened.

   "The Right to Self-Defense as the Grundnorm for Human

   canopyforum.org/2020/07/06/the-right-to-self-defense-as-the-grundnorm-for-human-rights-a-response-to-david-little/

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   Is self defense as bad as it could be?

   • It's not being as bad as it could be, e.g., beating them up, but it doesn't seem to take their rationality in account. Kant treats self defense directly in Metaphysics of Morals "Doctrine of Virtue" in the section on murder under quodlibetal questions.

   Reference

   philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/39610/what-can-a-kantian-do-in-self-defense

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   Would Kant have a problem with honorable self-defense?

   • Kant does not go so far as to suggest soldiers should not kill, so he surely would not have a problem with honorable self-defense. There is not always another option, in the face of violence. In the case of lying, there always is another option.

   Reference

   philosophy.stackexchange.com/questions/39610/what-can-a-kantian-do-in-self-defense

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   What is a first instance of moral evil?

   • The emotional pain of separation, shame and broken relationships are also consequences that first instance of moral evil. In fact, according to the first chapter of Genesis, animals in the Garden of Eden didn’t even kill each other for food before the Fall. In the description of the sixth day of creation God says to Adam and Eve,

   Logical Problem of Evil | Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

   iep.utm.edu/evil-log/

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8. canopyforum.org › 2020/07/06 › the-right-to-selfThe Right to Self-Defense as Grundnorm - Canopy Forum

   canopyforum.org › 2020/07/06 › the-right-to-self

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   Jul 6, 2020 · What holds all these fundamental rights together, and what makes them more than mere paper protections against moral evil, Little further argues, is the foundational and universal right to self-defense for individuals and groups.