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Evaluating participation is the process of finding out what influence our activities have had on improving the experience of young people and carers who come into contact with services.
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Section 1 Evaluating Participation explores evaluation and participation, in the context of the health and social care services. Section 2 Evaluation Essentials covers the nuts and bolts of ‘how to do’ evaluation including evaluation stages, evaluation questions, and a range of evaluation methods.
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Jan 1, 2002 · This paper considers the problems of finding measurements for the two major principles of primary health care (PHC), equity and participation.
Participation in health impact assessment. Between 2000 and 2002, the London Health Observa-tory conducted a series of rapid HIAs using workshop-based participation exercises to assess the effects of policy strategies on public health (22–30).
- Getting started
- Identifying health priorities
- Moving on/review
- What is health needs assessment?
- Why undertake HNA?
- What are the benefits of HNA?
- What are the challenges of HNA?
- Introduction
- Resources required to start an HNA
- 2 Common language
- Work Unemployment environment ialandcommunitynetwo ividual lifestylefac
- Population
- HNA selection criteria
- Levels of prevention of ill health
- Diseases and health conditions
- Health functioning
- Health triangle
- Partnership
- Stakeholders
- Community engagement
- HNA and other assessment tools
- Step 1
- Step 2 Step
- Step 3
- Step five
- Step 4
- Step 5
What population? What are you trying to achieve? Who needs to be involved? What resources are required? What are the risks?
Population profiling Gathering data Perceptions of needs Identifying and assessing health conditions and determinant factors
Action planning Monitoring and evaluation strategy Risk-management strategy
Health needs assessment is a systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population, leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve health and reduce inequalities.
HNA is a recommended public health tool to provide evidence about a population on which to plan services and address health inequalities HNA provides an opportunity to engage with specific populations and enable them to contribute to targeted service planning and resource allocation HNA provides an opportunity for cross-sectoral partnership working...
Benefits from undertaking HNAs can include: Strengthened community involvement in decision making Improved team and partnership working Professional development of skills and experience Improved communication with other agencies and the public Better use of resources.
Working across professional boundaries that prevent power-or information-sharing Developing a shared language between sectors (see Section 2) Obtaining commitment from ‘the top’ Accessing relevant data Accessing the target population Maintaining team impetus and commitment Translating findings into effective action.
Health needs assessment (HNA) is a systematic method for reviewing the health issues facing a population, leading to agreed priorities and resource allocation that will improve health and reduce inequalities. The purpose of this guide is to provide practical assistance to everyone engaged in undertaking HNA, including strategic managers at regional...
Before committing to an HNA project and proceeding beyond step 1, ensure you have the capacity to meet the challenges and to employ the resources that may be involved. A project lead with strong management skills should be appointed– but the lead does not have to have all the skills required for HNA, as other members of the team, or consultants, ca...
The following terms underpin the health needs assessment process described in this publication. It is important that HNA project teams and stakeholders adopt a shared language for key terms at the start of a project, to ensure there is agreed understanding of objectives.
Water & sanitation Education Health care services Agriculture and food
HNA populations can be identified as people sharing: Geographic location – eg living in deprived neighbourhoods or housing estates Settings – eg schools, prisons, workplaces Social experience – eg asylum seekers, specific age groups, ethnicity, sexuality, homelessness Experience of a particular medical condition – eg mental illness, diabetes, respi...
HNA is worthwhile undertaking only if it results in changes that will benefit the population. It is essential to be realistic and honest about what you are capable of achieving. Four criteria should be used in selecting issues for intervention: Impact – which health conditions and determinant factors have the most impact, in terms of size and sever...
There are three levels at which interventions can be effective in tackling ill health for individuals and within populations: Occurring – preventing the problem occurring at all (primary prevention) Recurring – preventing the problem progressing or recurring by detecting and dealing with it (secondary prevention) Consequences – preventing the conse...
Diseases and health conditions experienced within a population are important when they affect health functioning. Diseases and health conditions can sometimes be caused or exacerbated by a determinant factor, such as poor housing or smoking. In the process of undertaking HNA, actions or interventions that can reduce disease and ill health should be...
Health functioning can be defined as the individual’s or population’s experience in terms of whether the health condition or determining factor: Negatively affects social roles of caring, partnering, friendship, sexual relationships, employer/employee Negatively affects the population’s level of mobility (physical ability) Causes physical pain Cont...
The health triangle is an analytical tool that can assist in: Identifying potentially important health issues for the population Reviewing the associations between health conditions, determinant factors and health functioning (see previous definitions) Structuring the collection and presentation of data to compile a useful profile. The health trian...
Local collaboration by statutory, voluntary, community and private sector organisations in planning and implementing economic, social and health programmes. Local strategic partnerships may commission HNAs.
The different partners or sectors who should be involved in decisions about health, regeneration and other programmes. Stakeholders for HNA may include representatives from local business, education, police, housing, transport, social services and leisure, as well as from health agencies. Most importantly, they should include members and representa...
A general term used in this context to describe the active participation of local people in defining priority issues and being part of the solution-determining process.
HNA is one of several approaches being used across sectors to help improve health and reduce health inequalities. Other frequently used tools include health impact assessment (HIA), integrated impact assessment (IIA) and health equity audit (HEA). Although there are similarities in these approaches, a key difference is their starting point. HNA sta...
Getting started What population? What are you trying to achieve? Who needs to be involved? What resources are required? What are the risks?
Identifying health priorities Population profiling Gathering data Perceptions of needs one Identifying and assessing health conditions and determinant factors
Assessing a health priority for action Step Choosing health conditions four and determinant factors with the most significant size and severity impact
Determining effective and acceptable interventions and actions
Planning for change Clarifying aims of intervention Step 5 Action planning Monitoring and evaluation strategy Moving on/review Risk-management strategy Learning from the project Measuring impact Choosing the next priority Step 1 Getting started To undertake this first step, you should assemble a group of people who are interested in the project to ...
Moving on/project review This final stage of the HNA process involves the team in some reflective questions and the opportunity to take stock and learn, both for individual contributors and from a team perspective. This is a vital part of the process if HNA is to continue to be a relevant and effective tool in improving health and tackling health i...
This document describes the ways in which health needs assessment can identify priority health needs, target resources to address inequalities and involve local people. The process of undertaking health needs assessment is described and the important contribution of nurses explored.
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PDF. File size. 861.48 KB. This guide, written by Gary McGrow and Lesley Greenaway for the Scottish Health Council, was developed as a tool for evaluating public involvement and participation in health services.
