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Use your neck to hold your head straight helps to keep your eyes in front of you rather than staring at the floor or ceiling (which are bad body language signals), and you'll look poised and self ...
Body language is a silent orchestra, as people constantly give clues to what they’re thinking and feeling. Non-verbal messages including body movements, facial expressions, vocal tone and...
the likelihood of incorrectly rejecting a statement or hypothesis concerning a characteristic of a population. More specifically, it is the probability of incorrectly rejecting a true null hypothesis (i.e., committing a Type I error) in research.
- Gibson
- Hepburn
- Demuth
- Lester
- Reynolds
- Cromdal, Broth, Björklund-Flärd, and Levin
- La and Weatherall
- Rydén Gramner and Wiggins
- Hofstetter
- Edwards and Potter
The second chapter takes as its focus the body as a site of resistance, whether through inactivity or the ‘incorrect’ embodied movement. Stephen Gibson leads us through the 1970s psychological experiments conducted by Stanley Milgram in the USA, in which participants were asked to administer (fake) electric shocks to an unknown ‘learner’ participan...
The chapter by Alexa Hepburn also takes up the issue of how embodied actions can be treated as intentional, psychologically motivated behaviour, though we move from an experimental setting to a family home environment. The data are taken from a corpus of video-recorded family mealtimes in the UK and the USA, and the analysis focuses on those sectio...
The issue of socialisation, and of attempts to correct the behaviours of children, can be seen again in the chapter by Carolin Demuth, set within the context of a school classroom. In this chapter, Demuth demonstrates how children can be held accountable for their bodily conduct, and how the children themselves resist through embodied behaviour, wi...
The chapter by Jessica Lester also considers adult-child interaction within a pedagogical environment, though here the setting is a paediatric clinic in the USA. The issue of how bodies might be oriented to as different is tackled directly, with a particular focus on how ‘being autistic’ is treated first and foremost as a visible (and, at times, au...
An asymmetry between participants can also be regarded in relation to the interaction between coaches and athletes. The focus in Edward Reynolds’ chapter is with a topic that directly challenges the subject-object distinction within embodiment: the feelings or sensations of an athlete during training sessions. As with chapters by Cromdal et al. and...
The focus on sensation is again raised in Jakob Cromdal, Mathias Broth, Daniel Björklund-Flärd, and Lena Levin’s chapter, in which driving instructors orient to bodily sensations—the trainee driver’s ability to sense the ‘biting point’ of the clutch—as being a core part of the learning process. Building on emerging work within sensory practices, th...
We remain with the sensation theme in the chapter by Jessica La and Ann Weatherall, which tackles an issue—pain—that has at times been treated as the epitome of embodiment, due to its ability to traverse all types of bodies. La and Weatherall examine how pain becomes a social object and a practical accomplishment during medical consultations betwee...
In the next chapter, Anja Rydén Gramner and Sally Wiggins tackle the issue of emotion which, similar to pain, has long associations with bodily sensation and subject-side accounts. Rydén Gramner and Wiggins examine how an embodied affective stance is managed interactionally, as both subject-side (a personal reaction) and object-side (affected by th...
The final empirical chapter addresses a topic that might at first glance appear to be at the extreme end of embodiment: thinking practices. Emily Hofstetter examines how thinking is organised as a social practice within everyday settings. The data come from a corpus of video recordings of friends playing board games together, whether at home, in bo...
The concluding chapter is an extended commentary by Derek Edwards and Jonathan Potter, the core founders of discursive psychology and the main drivers of its development over the past 30 years. The chapter provides a discussion on the theoretical and analytical challenges of tackling embodiment and of the importance of description—by both the parti...
This article focuses on the “me” that will be referred to interchangeably as either the “self” or “identity.” We define the self as a multifaceted, dynamic, and temporally continuous set of mental self-representations.
Feb 1, 2002 · Memory is a complex, diverse and heterogeneous entity. How does one begin to try to define its features, characteristics and organizing principles? In this volume, Tulving and Craik define memory as ‘the ability to recollect past events and to bring learned facts and ideas back to mind’.
Our body language communicates essential information about our thoughts and feelings. This article covers the different types of body language and key examples of how body language reflects our inner workings.
