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1. • • Gateway drugs are substances that, when consumed, give way to harder, more dangerous drugs. These milder substances, such as nicotine or alcohol, are believed to open the door to drugs such as meth, heroin and cocaine, which can lead to addiction.
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     What Is a Gateway Drug? (Marijuana, Alcohol & Other Drugs)

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   What is the gateway drug hypothesis?

   • Neuropsychopharmacology 42 , 985–986 ( 2017) Cite this article The gateway drug hypothesis refers to the pattern of substance use during adolescence whereby legal substances, such as nicotine and alcohol, precede the progressive use of illicit substances like cocaine and heroin.

   Testing the Gateway Hypothesis | Neuropsychopharmacology - Nature

   www.nature.com/articles/npp2016279

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   What is a gateway drug?

   • In the early 1980s, the term Gateway drug began to be used to refer to alcohol and cigarettes, the drugs that are used prior to the use of illicit drugs. Soon, the usage was extended to include the use of marijuana as a precursor to the use of other illicit drugs, such as cocaine or heroin, and more rarely even to cocaine as a precursor to heroin.

   Examining the Gateway Hypothesis: Stages and Pathways of Drug

   www.cambridge.org/core/books/stages-and-pathways-of-drug-involvement/examining-the-gateway-hypothesis-stages-and-pathways-of-drug-involvement/9891FF69634C25630CE57E36D5F7977F

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   Are gateway drugs associated with drug use in adolescence?

   • Gateways drugs used in early adolescence were significantly associated with marijuana use, illegal drugs and cocaine in older adolescence, but over time these relationships were not consistent in adulthood. Changes in the pattern of psychoactive drug use were important predictors of drug use in adulthood.

   (PDF) “Gateway hypothesis” and early drug use ... - ResearchGate

   www.researchgate.net/publication/303636552_Gateway_hypothesis_and_early_drug_use_Additional_findings_from_tracking_a_population-based_sample_of_adolescents_to_adulthood

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   What is the gateway hypothesis?

   • The gateway hypothesis was developed by Denise Kandel, who observed that young people become involved in drugs in stages and sequences.1 She found that in the general population of the United States and other Western societies, a well-defined developmental sequence of drug use occurs that starts with a legal drug and pro-ceeds to illegal drugs.

   A Molecular Basis for Nicotine as a Gateway Drug - The New England

   www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJMsa1405092

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3. www.cambridge.org › core › booksExamining the Gateway Hypothesis: Stages and Pathways of Drug ...

   www.cambridge.org › core › books

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   Jul 25, 2009 · According to this notion, there is a progressive and hierarchical sequence of stages of drug use that begins with tobacco or alcohol, two classes of drugs that are legal, and proceeds to marijuana, and from marijuana to other illicit drugs, such as cocaine, metamphetamines, and heroin.

   • Author: Denise B. Kandel

   • Publish Year: 2002

4. www.nature.com › articles › npp2016279Testing the Gateway Hypothesis | Neuropsychopharmacology - Nature

   www.nature.com › articles › npp2016279

   Jan 18, 2017 · The gateway drug hypothesis refers to the pattern of substance use during adolescence whereby legal substances, such as nicotine and alcohol, precede the progressive use of illicit substances...

   • Author: Michael L Miller, Yasmin L Hurd

   • Publish Year: 2017

5. www.researchgate.net › publication › 303636552(PDF) “Gateway hypothesis” and early drug use: Additional ...

   www.researchgate.net › publication › 303636552

   May 1, 2016 · We assessed the relationship between gateway drugs at baseline (age 11–20years) and drug use in adulthood using generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression models.

6. www.semanticscholar.org › paper › Stages-and-Pathways[PDF] Stages and Pathways of Drug Involvement: Examining The ...

   www.semanticscholar.org › paper › Stages-and-Pathways

   Mar 4, 2002 · An operational definition to test gateway relations is proposed by providing a framework with the aim of describing a set of conditions to guide the evaluation of whether a drug serves as a gateway for another drug.

7. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles“Gateway hypothesis” and early drug use: Additional findings ...

   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › pmc › articles

   May 28, 2016 · We assessed the relationship between gateway drugs at baseline (age 11–20 years) and drug use in adulthood using generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression models. Gateways drugs used in early adolescence were significantly associated with marijuana use, illegal drugs and cocaine in older adolescence, but over time these relationships ...

   • Author: Stephen Nkansah-Amankra, Mark Minelli
   • DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.05.003

   • Publish Year: 2016
   • Publication: Prev Med Rep. 2016 Dec; 4: 134-141.

8. www.nejm.org › doi › pdfA Molecular Basis for Nicotine as a Gateway Drug

   www.nejm.org › doi › pdf

   portance of nicotine as a gateway drug. Epidemiologic studies have shown that nicotine use is a gateway to the use of marijuana and cocaine in human populations.

9. link.springer.com › referenceworkentry › 10Gateway Drug Use - SpringerLink

   link.springer.com › referenceworkentry › 10

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   Jan 1, 2016 · Overview. Research on adolescent drug use over the past three decades in the USA and other developed countries has found a common pattern of drug initiation and progression. Alcohol and tobacco are used first, followed by cannabis, which, in turn, is followed by the amphetamines, heroin, and cocaine.