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Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Biology, Hypothesis, Theory and more.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like atom, nucleus, electron and more.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Chemistry, Matter, How do Chemists Study Matter? and more.
Review guide that covers the major topics of basic biology, first semester. This can be used to study for final exams or other standardized tests. Topics include: scientific method, cell bioloyg, protists, evolution and taxonomy, and invertebrates.
- Section 1: Chemistry and Matter
- Section 2: How Scientists Study Chemistry
- Section 3: Scientific Notation
- 103 = 1000 104 = 10000 105 = 100000
- 579, 000, 000, 000
- Coefficient Is: 5.79
- How Many Positions Are there?
- 4 = 0.0001 10-5 = 0.00001
- Coefficient Will Be 6.42
- How Many positions?
What is Chemistry?
Everything around us is made up of chemicals. From the color that makes a rose so red to the gasoline that fills our cars and the silicon chips that power our computers and cell phones…Chemistry is everywhere! Understanding how chemical molecules form and interact to create complex structures enables us to harness the power of chemistry and use it, just like a toolbox, to create many of the modern advances that we see today. This includes advances in medicine, communication, transportation, b...
Physical vs. Chemical Properties
Part of understanding matter is being able to describe it. One way chemists describe matter is to assign different kinds of properties to different categories. The properties that chemists use to describe matter fall into two general categories. Physical properties are characteristics that describes matter, such as boiling point, melting point and color. Physical Changes, such as melting a solid into a liquid, do not alter the chemical structure of that matter. Chemical properties are charact...
Elements and Compounds
Any sample of matter that has the same physical and chemical properties throughout the sample is called a substance. There are two types of substances. A substance that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler components is an element. Aluminum, which is used in soda cans, is an element. A substance that can be broken down into chemically simpler components (because it has more than one element) is a compound. Water is a compound composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen. Today, there...
The Scientific Method
How do scientists work? Generally, they follow a process called the scientific method. The scientific method is an organized procedure for learning answers to questions. To find the answer to a question (for example, “Why do birds fly toward Earth’s equator during the cold months?”), a scientist goes through the following steps, which are also illustrated in Figure 1.7. Figure 1.7 The General Steps of the Scientific Method.The steps may not be as clear-cut in real life as described here, but...
The study of chemistry can involve numbers that are very large. It can also involve numbers that are very small. Writing out such numbers and using them in their long form is problematic, because we would spend far too much time writing zeroes, and we would probably make a lot of mistakes! There is a solution to this problem. It is called scientifi...
As you can see, the power to which 10 is raised is equal to the number of zeroes that follow the 1. This will be helpful for determining which exponent to use when we express numbers using scientific notation. Let us take a very large number:
and express it using scientific notation. First, we find the coefficient, which is a number between 1 and 10 that will be multiplied by 10 raised to some power.
This number will be multiplied by 10 that is raised to some power. Now let us figure out what power that is. We can do this by counting the number of positions that stand between the end of the original number and the new position of the decimal point in our coefficient.
We can see that there are 11 positions between our decimal and the end of the original number. This means that our coefficient, 5.79, will be multiplied by 10 raised to the 11th power. Our number expressed in scientific notation is:
The number of spaces to the right of the decimal point for our 1 is equal to the number in the exponent that is behind the negative sign. This is useful to keep in mind when we express very small numbers in scientific notation. Here is a very small number:
This number will be multiplied by 10 raised to some power, which will be negative. Let us figure out the correct power. We can figure this out by counting how many positions stand between the decimal point in our coefficient and the decimal point in our original number.
There are 5 positions between our new decimal point and the decimal point in the original number, so our coefficient will be multiplied by 10 raised to the negative 5th power. Our number written in scientific notation is:
Chapter one 1. What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex? molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem 2. Which of the following statements is true about chemical elements in an ecosystem?
People also ask
What is the difference between chemistry and biology?
How do chemists describe matter?
What is a molecule in chemistry?
What does atom mean in chemistry?
Plasma What are the four states of matter? Physical properties characteristics of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition Extensive Physical Properties physical properties that depend on the amount of matter present; includes mass, volume, length, etc. Intensive Physical Properties physical properties that are independent of the amount of matter ...
