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Definition 1. A function f : S ⊂ Rn → R defined on a convex set S is concave if for any two points x1 x2 ∈ , S and for any λ ∈ [0, 1] we have: λx1 (1 − λ) x2 ≥ λf(x1) (1 − λ)f(x2) + +. is called strictly concave if for any two points x1 , x2 ∈ S and for any λ ∈ (0, 1) we have: λx1 (1 − λ) x2 > λf(x1) (1 − λ)f(x2) + +.
Theorem 3. Let C R be an open interval. 1. f: C!R is concave i for any a;b;c2C, with a<b<c, f(b) f(a) b a f(c) f(b) c b; and, f(b) f(a) b a f(c) f(a) c a: For strict concavity, the inequalities are strict. 2. f: C!R is convex i for any a;b;c2C, with a<b<c, f(b) f(a) b a f(c) f(b) c b; and, f(b) f(a) b a f(c) f(a) c a:
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The concrete, pictorial, abstract approach is a way of teaching mathematical concepts and theories in vari-ous stages, in order to help children fully understand and master what they are learning. The concrete stage involves using items, models and objects, giving children a chance to be ‘hands-on’.
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Dec 21, 2020 · In general, concavity can change only where either the second derivative is 0, where there is a vertical asymptote, or (rare in practice) where the second derivative is undefined. But concavity doesn't \emph{have} to change at these places.
Dec 21, 2020 · If we are trying to understand the shape of the graph of a function, knowing where it is concave up and concave down helps us to get a more accurate picture. Of particular interest are points at which the concavity changes from up to down or down to up; such points are called inflection points.
Sal introduces the concept of concavity, what it means for a graph to be "concave up" or "concave down," and how this relates to the second derivative of a function.
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CONCAVITY. The following notions of concavity are used to describe the increase and decrease of the slope of the tangent to a curve. Concavity If the function f(x) is differentiable on the interval a x b, then the graph of f is. concave upward on a x b if f is increasing on the interval concave downward on a x b if f is decreasing on the interval.