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Definition 1. A function f : S ⊂ Rn → R defined on a convex set S is concave if for any two points x1 x2 ∈ , S and for any λ ∈ [0, 1] we have: λx1 (1 − λ) x2 ≥ λf(x1) (1 − λ)f(x2) + +. is called strictly concave if for any two points x1 , x2 ∈ S and for any λ ∈ (0, 1) we have: λx1 (1 − λ) x2 > λf(x1) (1 − λ)f(x2) + +.
Sep 9, 2023 · Definition: An object or a function is concave if it curves inward. In simple terms, it’s hollow or bowed in, much like a cave. Everyday Examples: A bowl. A satellite dish. A spoon’s interior. Skateboard ramps. A pie with a slice taken out of it. Convex.
A function $f(x)$ is said to be quasi-concave if its domain and all its $\alpha$-superlevel sets defined as $$\mathcal{S}_\alpha \triangleq\{x|x\in dom f, f(x)\geq\alpha\}$$ are convex for every $\alpha$.
It is also possible to characterize concavity or convexity of functions in terms of the convexity of particular sets. Given the graph of a function, the hypograph of f,
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Review your knowledge of concavity of functions and how we use differential calculus to analyze it.
- You have two functions f and g, where f''>0 and g''>0. If you take the second derivative of f+g, you get f''+g'', which is positive. So their sum i...
- In order for 𝑓(𝑥) to be concave up, in some interval, 𝑓 ''(𝑥) has to be greater than or equal to 0 (i.e. non-negative) for all 𝑥 in that inter...
- In general, no. Points where f"(x)= 0 are specifically called inflection points. But in the example provided, -2 is also a critical point (Observe...
- Product rule: d/dx[f(x)*g(x)] = f'(x)g(x) + f(x)g'(x) f(x) = (x-1)³ and g(x) = x
Concavity of a Function. Understanding the concavity of a function is pivotal in analysing the shape and direction of curves in mathematics. It tells us whether a curve opens upwards or downwards, providing valuable insights into the function's behaviour at different points.
A convex function is a function where a straight segment between any two points on the graph does not lie below the curve of the graph, In other words, the straight line is always above or at the same place as the function's curve. It is the opposite of a concave function.
