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      • *Commons, the* The concept that the major resources of the planet (land, air, and water) are commodities to which all people have equal right of access and use, and which no one has a right to spoil.
      www.encyclopedia.com/earth-and-environment/ecology-and-environmentalism/environmental-studies/commons
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  2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › CommonsCommons - Wikipedia

    The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly.

  3. What are commons? The original meaning of the term ‘commons’ comes from the way communities managed land that was held ‘in common’ in medieval Europe. Along with this shared land a clear set of rules was developed by the community about how it was to be used.

  4. Jun 26, 2019 · The commons, by definition, define a community, the communards, who are allowed to interact with a resource (those not excluded). Research must take into consideration that the composition of the community might be the same or different in each phase of the development of any given resource (management, production, and use).

    • Ismael Vaccaro, Oriol Beltran
    • 2019
  5. Policies governing the science commons – or alternative, more restricted informational spaces – determine how widely and quickly information is distributed. The purpose of this paper is to highlight why the science commons matters and to analyse its structure and function.

    • Robert Cook-Deegan, Tom Dedeurwaerdere
    • 10.1111/j.1468-2451.2006.00620.x
    • 2006
    • Int Soc Sci J. 2006 Jun; 58(188): 299-317.
  6. Types of Commons. Traditional examples of commons include forests, fisheries, or groundwater resources, but increasingly the term commons is used for a broader set of domains, e.g. knowledge commons, digital commons, urban commons, health commons, cultural commons, etc.

  7. link.springer.com › referenceworkentry › 10Commons - SpringerLink

    Nov 21, 2023 · First applied to natural resources in agriculture, forests or fisheries, the commons include a broader range of activities, such as urban and territorial commons, climate and space commons, health commons, energy commons, digital and creative commons, and knowledge and cultural commons.

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