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   What is a 'civilized nation'?

   • 1 The phrase ‘civilized nations’ (also known as ‘civilized peoples’, ‘civilized countries’, or, collectively, as the ‘civilized world’) has long served to distinguish European Christian States from States not thought to possess similar legal systems or values.

   Civilized Nations - Oxford Public International Law

   opil.ouplaw.com/abstract/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1748

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   What is the difference between civilized and uncivilized?

   • When 'civilized' was used to describe a people, nation or State, it constituted and was constituted by its opposite, the 'uncivilized'. The civilized, those endowed with civilization, were recognized as proper subjects of international law. The uncivilized, those lacking civilization, were left outside of international law.

   (PDF) “The Civilized and the Uncivilized” in Oxford Handbook of the

   www.academia.edu/2530756/_The_Civilized_and_the_Uncivilized_in_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_History_of_Public_International_Law_edited_by_A_Peters_and_B_Fassbender_Oxford_University_Press_2012_Pgs_917_939

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   What does 'civilization' mean?

   • The word ‘civilization,’ coined in the 18th century, has a complex history, multiple meanings, and considerable baggage. 1 It has been used to describe a process, destination, benchmark, fact, or an ideal that evaluates the social self-understanding of the ‘civilized’ in reference to those they considered ‘barbarian’, ‘savage’, or ‘uncivilized’.

   38 The Civilized and the Uncivilized - Oxford Academic

   academic.oup.com/edited-volume/43488/chapter/363760382

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   How did civilized/uncivilized apply to international law?

   • Applying the civilized/uncivilized to international law simplified the world by dividing it in two. When 'civilized' was used to describe a people, nation or State, it constituted and was constituted by its opposite, the 'uncivilized'. The civilized, those endowed with civilization, were recognized as proper subjects of international law.

   (PDF) “The Civilized and the Uncivilized” in Oxford Handbook of the

   www.academia.edu/2530756/_The_Civilized_and_the_Uncivilized_in_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_History_of_Public_International_Law_edited_by_A_Peters_and_B_Fassbender_Oxford_University_Press_2012_Pgs_917_939

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   Do only the civilized know what it means to be civilized?

   • The argument that only the civilized know what it means to be civilized is an important one, for as Starobinski (1993, 32) notes, the “historical moment in which the word civilization appears marks the advent of self-reflection, the emergence of a consciousness that thinks it understands the nature of its own activity.”

   Civilization and Its Consequences - Oxford Academic

   academic.oup.com/edited-volume/41327/chapter/352326100

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   Should the term 'civilized nations' be avoided?

   • 177. Fourth, there was general agreement both within the Commission and the Sixth Committee that the term “civilized nations” contained in Article 38, paragraph 1 (c), of the Statute of the Court was anachronistic and should be avoided. 178.

   Chapter VIII General principles of law - Office of Legal Affairs

   legal.un.org/ilc/reports/2021/english/chp8.pdf

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2. opil.ouplaw.com › abstract › 10Oxford Public International Law: Civilized Nations

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   1 The phrase ‘civilized nations’ (also known as ‘civilized peoples’, ‘civilized countries’, or, collectively, as the ‘civilized world’) has long served to distinguish European Christian States from States not thought to possess similar legal systems or values.

3. academic.oup.com › edited-volume › 4348838 The Civilized and the Uncivilized - Oxford Academic

   academic.oup.com › edited-volume › 43488

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   Nov 1, 2012 · When ‘civilized’ was used to describe a people, nation or State, it constituted and was constituted by its opposite, the ‘uncivilized’. The civilized, those endowed with civilization, were recognized as proper subjects of international law.

4. www.academia.edu › 2530756 › _The_Civilized_and_the(PDF) “The Civilized and the Uncivilized” in Oxford Handbook ...

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   Civilized nations looked upon uncivilized ones 'with profound contempt' and characterized their condition 'as barbarism, coarseness, and a brutal degradation of humanity'.

   • Author: Liliana Obregón

5. legal.un.org › ilc › reportsChapter IX General principles of law - United Nations

   legal.un.org › ilc › reports

   • “Draft conclusion 1 Scope
   • Draft conclusion 2 Requirement of recognition
   • (d) The origins of general principles of law as a source of international law
   • (f) Future programme of work

   The present draft conclusions concern general principles of law as a source of international law.

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   For a general principle of law to exist, it must be generally recognized by States.

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   244. Several members agreed with the two categories proposed by the Special Rapporteur based on their origins, namely general principles of law derived from national legal systems and general principles of law formed within the international legal system, considering that there was sufficient practice supporting both of them. Some members expressed...

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   247. Members generally supported the proposal by the Special Rapporteur to address the functions of general principles of law and their relationship with other sources of law in his second report and the issue of identification of general principles of law in his third report. Some members suggested that the Special Rapporteur may wish to reverse t...

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6. legal.un.org › ilc › reportsChapter VIII General principles of law - United Nations

   legal.un.org › ilc › reports

   nations”, included in article 15, paragraph 2, of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 420 referring to general principles of law, should be used instead of “civilized...

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7. www.worldhistory.org › civilizatiCivilization - World History Encyclopedia

   www.worldhistory.org › civilizati

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   Aug 16, 2022 · The concept of 'civilization' as a state of cultural development superior to others – as the term is often used in the present day – was first developed by the Greeks.

8. academic.oup.com › edited-volume › 41327Civilization and Its Consequences | Oxford Handbook Topics in ...

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   Aug 6, 2015 · It describes the process of a social collective becoming civilized, or progressing from a state of nature, savagery, or barbarism to a state of civilization.