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Aug 17, 2024 · As a field of science, biology helps us understand the living world and the ways its many species (including humans) function, evolve, and interact. Advances in medicine , agriculture , biotechnology , and many other areas of biology have brought improvements in the quality of life.
- Advances to The 20th Century
Biology - Evolution, Genetics, Microbiology:...
- The Discovery of Cells
Biology - Cell Discovery, Microscopy, Histology: Of the five...
- Aristotelian Concepts
Biology - Aristotle, Organisms, Cells: Around the middle of...
- Morphology
Morphology, in biology, the study of the size, shape, and...
- Evolution
Biology - Evolution, Genetics, Species: In his theory of...
- Microbiology
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- Biology
Biology - Evolution, Genetics, Classification: There are...
- Variations
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- Advances to The 20th Century
- Abstract
- Still A Crisis Discipline But Evidence Based
- Humans and Conservation Science
- Soulé's Guiding Principles
- How The Global Context For Conservation Has Changed Since 1985
- New Postulates For Conservation Science
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
Soulé (1985) helped define the emerging field ofconservation biology with an essay that has been read by generations of students and that is now a science citation classic. However, a lot has happened in the world since 1985, and conservation, like any professional and scientific endeavor, needs to continually refresh its intellectual and academic ...
Soulé (1985) argued that conservation biology differs from many other scientific endeavors because it is a “crisis discipline.” According to this line of reasoning, conservation biologists, like medical doctors, are often called on to act rapidly and without complete knowledge of the situation. We agree. However, since Soulé's essay, medicine has u...
In our view, the major shortcoming of Soulé's framing of conservation is its inattention to human well-being. In the traditional view of conservation, people play one of two roles: The vast majority of people are a threat to biodiversity, and a relatively small number—mostly Western biologists—act as biodiversity's protectors and, one hopes, savior...
To help guide the then-nascent discipline of conservation biology, Soulé laid out four core principles, which he called functional postulates, and four core values, or normative postulates (see box 1). Soulé's functional postulates are no less true today than they were in 1985, but they are not necessarily what one would consider the essential prin...
In 1985, the global human population was 4.8 billion people. Last year, in 2011, the population raced past 7 billion—an increase of more than 40% in one human generation. Pertinent to conservation, this population growth has been and will continue to be most rapid in the very areas of the planet that harbor the highest levels of biodiversity (Cinco...
As Soulé (1985)did in his essay, we offer a set of fundamental axioms about nature. These axioms help define the context within which conservation science must work.
In the concluding paragraph of his essay, Soulé acknowledged that we cannot reverse history and restore the world to a prelapsarian past. He suggested that conservation can potentially reduce the rate of extinction, improve the management of wildlands, and mitigate the impacts of technologies. Conservation as it was defined by Soulé is reactive and...
We are grateful to Sahotra Sarkar for his helpful review and suggestions and to the many conservation scientists at The Nature Conservancy, who have opened our eyes to where the future lies for conservation science.
- Peter Kareiva, Michelle Marvier
- 2012
Fully revised and updated, the sixth edition of this dictionary provides comprehensive coverage of biology, biophysics, and biochemistry, as well as key terms from medicine and palaeontology. It includes biographies of key scientists, and feature articles on important topics, such as bioinformatics, genetically modified organisms, microarray ...
Deductive reasoning or deduction is the type of logic used in hypothesis-based science. In deductive reason, the pattern of thinking moves in the opposite direction as compared to inductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning is a form of logical thinking that uses a general principle or law to forecast specific results.
Biology is a science, but what exactly is science? What does the study of biology share with other scientific disciplines? Science (from the Latin scientia, meaning “knowledge”) can be defined as knowledge about the natural world.
Sep 18, 2024 · stress, in psychology and biology, any environmental or physical pressure that elicits a response from an organism. In most cases, stress promotes survival because it forces organisms to adapt to rapidly changing environmental conditions.
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Biology is the science of life. All living organisms share several key properties such as order, sensitivity or response to stimuli, reproduction, adaptation, growth and development, regulation, homeostasis, and energy processing.
