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Revision notes on Collision Theory for the CIE IGCSE Chemistry syllabus, written by the Chemistry experts at Save My Exams.
Reactants are substances that enter into a reaction, and products are substances produced by the reaction. The Collision Theory Gizmo allows you to experiment with several factors that affect the rate at which reactants are transformed into products in a chemical reaction.
- Temperature
- Concentration of Solution, Or Pressure of Gas
- Surface Area of Solid Reactants
- Catalysts
Increasing the temperature of a reaction gives the particlesmore energy to collide. This leads to more frequent, successful collisions and so the rate of reaction increases.
Increasing the concentration/pressure of reactants increases the amount of particles in a given volume. This leads to more frequent, successful collisions and so the rate of reaction increases.
Increasing the surface area of reactants frees up more particles that are available to collide right away. This doesn't add more particles in to the reaction, it only makes available particles that would have once waited for other particles to react first until they could be available. This leads to more frequent, successful collisions and so the r...
Catalysts are substances that speed up the rate of a reaction without altering the products of the reaction, being itself unchanged chemically (and in mass) at the end of the reaction. They provide an an alternative pathway for a reaction, reducing the activation energy of the reaction; causing more frequent, successful collisions and so the rate o...
Learn Collision Theory with free step-by-step video explanations and practice problems by experienced tutors.
Rates of reaction. Chemical reactions vary in speed. The rate of reaction measures how much product is made in a given time. For reactions to occur, reactant particles must collide. Part of ...
Test yourself. Collision Theory. Collision theory explains how reactions happen and why they happen at different rates. Particle collisions. Particles must collide for chemical reactions to happen. Importantly, these collisions must happen with enough energy. This minimum amount of energy is known as the activation energy. Rate of reaction.
2 Iron nail cut into small pieces have a greater surface area to volume ratio. Greater surface area to volume ratio results in more frequent collision between the iron nail and the molecules of air and water. There will be more chances of successful collisions with increase in collision.
