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a chest infection. being overweight. smoking. a panic attack. But sometimes shortness of breath could be a sign of something more serious, such as: a lung condition called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) scarring of the lungs known as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. heart failure. lung cancer.
- Heart Failure
Symptoms can develop quickly (acute heart failure) or...
- Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Symptoms of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The symptoms of...
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd)
Living with. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is...
- Asthma
Asthma is a common lung condition that causes occasional...
- Obesity
BMI is a measure of whether you're a healthy weight for your...
- Heart Attack
While the most common symptom is chest pain, symptoms can...
- Chest Infection
Treatment from a GP for a chest infection. Treatment for a...
- Lung Cancer
Lung cancer does not usually cause noticeable symptoms until...
- Heart Failure
Jun 13, 2020 · Definition. Few sensations are as frightening as not being able to get enough air. Shortness of breath — known medically as dyspnea — is often described as an intense tightening in the chest, air hunger, difficulty breathing, breathlessness or a feeling of suffocation. Very strenuous exercise, extreme temperatures, obesity and higher ...
- Cyanosis
- Nail Clubbing
- Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy
- Lung Cancer
- Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
- Sarcoidosis
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
- Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
- Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations
Cyanosis is a blue discolouration of the skin and mucous membranes. It is seen in patients with more than 5 g/dL of desaturated haemoglobin.Cyanosis may be: 1. Central — on the lips and tongue; relates to a circulatory or respiratory problem associated with poor blood oxygenation in the lungs 2. Peripheral— on the extremities or fingers; due to oxy...
Nail clubbing is a deformity of the nailscharacterised by: 1. Loss of the Lovibond angle (the normal < 165° angle between the nail bed and the nail fold) 2. Thickening of the end of the finger 3. An increase in nail fold convexity 4. A soft boggy nail texture . Clubbing is associated with a wide range of diseases, including the following respirator...
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathycomprises: 1. Clubbing of the fingers 2. Periostitis (inflammation of the layer of connective tissuearound a bone) 3. Arthritis(inflammation of a joint). Symptoms of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy may precede the diagnosis of lung cancer and are most commonly associated with non-small-cell lung cancer, particularly squam...
Cutaneous metastases in lung cancer are found in 2–8% of cases of lung cancer . The most common sites are the chest and abdominal wall, neck, and scalp. They are usually rapidly growing, hard, painless and mobile nodules. A punch biopsy of a nodulemay be nonspecific or may establish the diagnosis of lung cancer. Monitoring changes in the size of sk...
Superior vena cava syndrome is due to obstruction of the superior vena cava, the vein that takes deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart. The majority of cases are due to malignancy; most commonly, non-small-cell lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer, lymphoma, and metastatic tumours . Superior vena cava syndrome presents with markedly di...
Sarcoidosiscan be divided into two separate conditions: 1. A multisystemdisease, with 30% of patients having cutaneous involvement 2. Cutaneous sarcoidosis, in which there is no systemicinvolvement . Cutaneous involvement is classified as either specific, in which there are non-caseating granulomas (mixed chronic inflammatory cells) on histopatholo...
Cutaneous manifestations of cystic fibrosis may be nonspecific, but include: 1. Aquagenic skin wrinkling, due to increased concentration of electrolytes in the sweat 2. Cutaneous vasculitis, due to circulating antigen-antibody complexes (the antigens are bacteria, antibiotics and pancreatic enzymesupplements) 3. Cystic fibrosis nutrient-deficiency ...
Cutaneous manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (also known as Wegener granulomatosis) are found in 10% of patients at diagnosis and developin 50% of patients throughout the disease [1,8]. Skin findings include: 1. Necrotic ulcers, usually on the lower extremities 2. Palpable purpura (raised dark spots due to small-vessel vasculitis), ...
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (also known asChurg-Strauss syndrome) is a rare multisystem disorder that primarily affects the lungs, skin, and peripheral nervous system. The main features are asthma, eosinophil infiltration in the lungs and blood, and small-vessel vasculitis with granulomas on biopsy. A variety of skin lesions are s...
Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations are abnormal communications between the arteries and veins that supply the lungs. The majority of these malformations are congenital. Approximately 70% of patients with pulmonary arteriovenous malformations have associated hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (also known as Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome) in whic...
Apr 28, 2017 · Emphysema is a lung condition that causes shortness of breath. In people with emphysema, the air sacs in the lungs (alveoli) are damaged. Over time, the inner walls of the air sacs weaken and rupture — creating larger air spaces instead of many small ones. This reduces the surface area of the lungs and, in turn, the amount of oxygen that ...
Aug 30, 2024 · This limited airflow is known as obstruction. Symptoms include trouble breathing, a daily cough that brings up mucus and a tight, whistling sound in the lungs called wheezing. COPD is most often caused by long-term exposure to irritating smoke, fumes, dust or chemicals. The most common cause is cigarette smoke.
weight loss. tiredness. swollen ankles from a build-up of fluid (oedema) chest pain and coughing up blood – although these are usually signs of another condition, such as a chest infection or possibly lung cancer. These additional symptoms only tend to happen when COPD reaches an advanced stage.
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Living with. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the name for a group of lung conditions that cause breathing difficulties. It includes: emphysema – damage to the air sacs in the lungs. chronic bronchitis – long-term inflammation of the airways. COPD is a common condition that mainly affects middle-aged or older adults who smoke.
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