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Nov 5, 2018 · Report from the pediatric mild traumatic brain injury guideline workgroup: systematic review and clinical recommendations for healthcare providers on the diagnosis and management of mild traumatic brain injury among children.
- Angela Lumba-Brown, Keith Owen Yeates, Kelly Sarmiento, Matthew J. Breiding, Tamara M. Haegerich, Ge...
- 2018
Mar 19, 2024 · Signs and symptoms of Traumatic Brain Injury in children Traumatic brain injury can produce a range of long-term physical impairments and psychological consequences in your child. Some signs or symptoms may develop immediately after the traumatic event, while others may appear days or weeks later.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is diagnosed when a blow to the head or a penetrating head injury results in disruption of normal brain functioning. A TBI can be mild, moderate or severe in nature, depending on the degree of alteration in a child or adolescent’s acute mental status or level of consciousness.
Oct 1, 2018 · This study examined the relationship between acute neuroimaging, host and injury factors, and parent-reported traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related symptoms in children with noncritical head injury at two weeks and three months after injury.
- Emily Evans, David Asuzu, Nathan E Cook, Paul Caruso, Elise Townsend, Beth Costine-Bartell, Carla Fo...
- 10.1089/neu.2017.5408
- 2018
- J Neurotrauma. 2018 Oct 1; 35(19): 2287-2297.
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Mild traumatic brain injury
The signs and symptoms of mild traumatic brain injury may include: Physical symptoms Sensory symptoms Cognitive, behavioral or mental symptoms
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries can include any of the signs and symptoms of mild injury, as well as these symptoms that may appear within the first hours to days after a head injury: Physical symptoms Cognitive or mental symptoms
Children's symptoms
Infants and young children with brain injuries might not be able to communicate headaches, sensory problems, confusion and similar symptoms. In a child with traumatic brain injury, you may observe:
Always see your doctor if you or your child has received a blow to the head or body that concerns you or causes behavioral changes. Seek emergency medical care if there are any signs or symptoms of traumatic brain injury following a recent blow or other traumatic injury to the head.
The terms "mild," "moderate" and "severe" are used to describe the effect of the injury on brain function. A mild injury to the brain is still a serious injury that requires prompt attention and an accurate diagnosis.
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Traumatic brain injury is usually caused by a blow or other traumatic injury to the head or body. The degree of damage can depend on several factors, including the nature of the injury and the force of impact.
Common events causing traumatic brain injury include the following:
•Falls. Falls from bed or a ladder, down stairs, in the bath, and other falls are the most common cause of traumatic brain injury overall, particularly in older adults and young children.
•Vehicle-related collisions. Collisions involving cars, motorcycles or bicycles — and pedestrians involved in such accidents — are a common cause of traumatic brain injury.
•Violence. Gunshot wounds, domestic violence, child abuse and other assaults are common causes. Shaken baby syndrome is a traumatic brain injury in infants caused by violent shaking.
•Sports injuries. Traumatic brain injuries may be caused by injuries from a number of sports, including soccer, boxing, football, baseball, lacrosse, skateboarding, hockey, and other high-impact or extreme sports. These are particularly common in youth.
The people most at risk of traumatic brain injury include:
•Children, especially newborns to 4-year-olds
•Young adults, especially those between ages 15 and 24
•Adults age 60 and older
Altered consciousness
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury can result in prolonged or permanent changes in a person's state of consciousness, awareness or responsiveness. Different states of consciousness include:
Physical complications
Sometimes, any or several of these symptoms might linger for a few weeks to a few months after a traumatic brain injury. When a combination of these symptoms lasts for an extended period of time, this is generally referred to as persistent post-concussive symptoms. Traumatic brain injuries at the base of the skull can cause nerve damage to the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (cranial nerves). Cranial nerve damage may result in:
Intellectual problems
Many people who have had a significant brain injury will experience changes in their thinking (cognitive) skills. It may be more difficult to focus and take longer to process your thoughts. Traumatic brain injury can result in problems with many skills, including: Cognitive problems Executive functioning problems
Follow these tips to reduce the risk of brain injury:
•Seat belts and airbags. Always wear a seat belt in a motor vehicle. A small child should always sit in the back seat of a car secured in a child safety seat or booster seat that is appropriate for his or her size and weight.
•Alcohol and drug use. Don't drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs, including prescription medications that can impair the ability to drive.
•Helmets. Wear a helmet while riding a bicycle, skateboard, motorcycle, snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle. Also wear appropriate head protection when playing baseball or contact sports, skiing, skating, snowboarding or riding a horse.
•Unforeseen danger of a child's fall: Livia's remarkable recovery
Nov 1, 2018 · Importance: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), or concussion, in children is a rapidly growing public health concern because epidemiologic data indicate a marked increase in the number of emergency department visits for mTBI over the past decade. However, no evidence-based clinical guidelines have been developed to date for diagnosing and ...
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Nov 23, 2018 · Owing to the unique anatomy of an infant’s head, neck, and spine, all infants with suspected abusive head trauma should undergo CT with multiplanar reformatted images and MRI without contrast material with three-dimensional reconstructions of the skull, brain, and cervical spine.
