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  2. Jun 24, 2024 · A guide to interpreting blood tests, including how to approach blood test interpretation, principles of interpretation, reference ranges, identifying safety critical results and clinical reasoning.

    • Blood test results explained. A blood test – sometimes referred to as a blood panel – is a laboratory examination of a blood sample used to check for a variety of things, including the functioning of certain organs (such as the liver, kidneys, thyroid and heart), infections and certain genetic disorders, as well as to assess an individual’s general health.
    • Blood test abbreviations. Blood test results generally use the metric system of measurement and various abbreviations, including: cmm: cells per cubic millimeter.
    • Blood test results components. A blood test is typically composed of three main tests: a complete blood count, a metabolic panel and a lipid panel. 2 Each test for different things, which can be understood through a detailed analysis of the results.
    • Complete blood count (CBC) The complete blood count (CBC) concentrates on the three types of blood cells: white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets.
    • Introduction
    • What Tests Are Included in A FBC?
    • Reference Ranges
    • Red Cell Tests
    • White Cell Tests
    • Platelet Tests
    • Further Reading

    This guide provides a structured approach to the interpretation of a full blood count(a.k.a. FBC, complete blood count, CBC) which you should be able to apply in most circumstances.

    The full blood count gives insight into the cellular components of blood including white blood cells, red blood cells, and plateletsproviding numerical values relating to these cells (e.g. amount of them, size, contents). These results provide vital clues to the presence of underlying pathology. The long list of acronyms and numbers can seem daunti...

    We have included key reference rangesbelow to assist you when interpreting a full blood count. Haemoglobin (Hb): 1. 130 – 180 g/​L 2. 115 – 165 g/​L White cell count (WCC): 1. Total: 3.6 – 11.0 x 109/L 2. Neutrophils: 1.8 – 7.5 x 109/L 3. Lymphocytes: 1.0 – 4.0 x 109/L 4. Monocytes: 0.2 – 0.8 x 109/L 5. Eosinophils: 0.1 – 0.4 x 109/L 6. Basophils: ...

    Red cell testscan quantify the amount of haemoglobin/red cells present in a sample: 1. An abnormally low number of haemoglobin/red cells is known as anaemia 2. An abnormally high number of haemoglobin/red cells is known as polycythaemia. Red cell tests can also provide important insights into the underlying cause(s) of anaemia or polycythaemia by l...

    Leukocytosis

    A high white cell is known as leukocytosis and can be caused by a wide range of pathological processes. Important factors in determining the cause of leukocytosis include the rate of the white cell count rise and which type of white cell(s) are raised. Common causes of acute leukocytosis: 1. Reactive: infection, inflammation, post-surgery 2. Steroids: stress response (i.e. endogenous steroids) or medication (i.e. exogenous steroids) 3. Haematological: acute leukaemias Common causes of chronic...

    Leukopenia

    A low white cell count is known as leukopeniaand can also be caused by a wide range of pathological processes. Important factors in determining the cause of leukopenia include the rate of the white cell count fall and the type of white cell(s)which are low. Neutrophils and lymphocytes account for the majority of white cells in the blood, so these types of white cells are typically reduced in the context of leukopenia. A comprehensive assessment is always required to help narrow the differenti...

    Platelet count

    Platelets (a.k.a. thrombocytes) are disc-shaped cell fragments that react to blood vessel injury by clumping to initiate the formation of a blood clot. The platelet count is the number of platelets present per unit volume of blood. This can be high (thrombocytosis) or low (thrombocytopenia).

    For those wanting to improve their overall understanding of haematology, I’ve found the following books really useful: 1. Barbara J Bain. A beginner’s guide to blood cells. Published 2017. 2. Barbara J Bain. Haematology: A Core Curriculum. Published 2010.

  3. Understanding your blood test results. We want to make sure you are informed and empowered when it comes to your health. Your health record is a vital tool, written and used by medical professionals to provide you with the best possible care. This means that there might be times you don’t understand everything you see.

  4. May 31, 2018 · What does it all mean? The key components of a test report are illustrated below using some example reports. Example 1 – Standard printed laboratory report: Example 2 - Online GP record: Result: May be numerical or text (e.g. Positive or negative) Reference range: tells you within what range you would expect a normal result to lie.

  5. www.nhs.uk › conditions › blood-testsBlood tests - NHS

    Getting your blood test results. You may get your blood test results after a few days, and usually within a few weeks. If you do not hear anything after a few weeks, contact the GP surgery or specialist. The GP, nurse, or specialist should talk to you about your results and explain what happens next.

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