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Apr 7, 2016 · Symbolic interactionism is a theoretical perspective in sociology that addresses the manner in which society is created and maintained through face-to-face, repeated, meaningful interactions among individuals. This article surveys past theory and research in the interactionist tradition.
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- Conflict Theory. Type of Theory: Macrosociology. Conflict Theory proposes that society is marked by ongoing struggles for resources and power, resulting in social inequalities.
- Functionalism. Type of Theory: Macrosociology. Definition: Functionalism considers society as a complex system of interdependent parts, each having a function fulfilling societal stability.
- Symbolic Interactionism. Type of Theory: Microsociology. Symbolic Interactionism emphasizes how individuals use symbols to navigate social interactions and create social worlds.
- Social Exchange Theory. Type of Theory: Microsociology. Social Exchange Theory postulates that human relationships and interactions are guided by a cost-benefit analysis and the pursuit of rewards.
- The Conflict Paradigm. The Conflict paradigm does a very good job of explaining racism, sexism, ageism, socioeconomic inequality (wealth and poverty), etc.
- The Functionalist Paradigm (Structural Functionalism) The Functionalist paradigm describes society as stable and describes all of the various mechanisms that maintain social stability.
- The Symbolic Interactionist Paradigm. Symbolic Interactionism describes society as small groups of individuals interacting based on the various ways that people interpret their various cultural symbols such as spoken, written, and non-verbal language.
- What Is Conflict Theory?
- Evolution of Conflict Theory
- Examples of Conflict
- References
Conflict theory is a general term covering a number of sociological approaches, which appose functionalism and which share the idea that the basic feature of all societies was the struggle between different groups for access to limited resources. For example, Marxismemphasizes class conflict over economic resources, but Weber suggests that conflict...
Large-scale civil unrest and large demographic dislocations, extreme poverty, and a wide gap between the interests and wealth of workers and owners led to the development of Marxist conflict theory, which emphasizes the omnipresence of the divides of social class. Later, conflict theory manifested in World Wars and Civil Rights movements, empowerme...
The Cuban Missile Crisis
During the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, the United States and the Soviet Union became close to nuclear war (Downing, 1992). The Soviet leader Kruschev installed medium-range missiles in Cuba. The president of the United States had to negotiate the risks of reacting too strongly (nuclear war) with the drawbacks of responding weakly (increasing the influence of the Soviet Union). That is to say, the United States and the Soviet Union had deeply conflicting interests: the Soviet Union wanted to...
Conflict and Individualism
Although some societies (such as Japan) can preserve some features of small groups, most wealthy, industrialized Western societies tend to encourage individualism, which encourages members of a society to formulate and develop their own values rather than accepting those of the larger groups (Bartos and Wehr, 2002). Individual personality differences — such as extraversion, aggression, talkative, and problem-solving styles — may lead to the development of incompatible values. One’s alignment...
A Conflict Theory of Sexual Stratification
Collins (1971) attempts to explain employment discrimination against women as the result of a sexual stratification system constructed from the perspectives of Freud and Weber. In short, Weber argued that conflict emerges over a struggle for as much dominance over other groups as resources permit. In the early 1970s, women tended to comprise a low number of professional and manual labor positions relative to men. For example, in 1971, 18% of college professors were female, and 3.3% of lawyers...
Bartos, O. J., & Wehr, P. (2002). Using conflict theory: Cambridge University Press. Binns, D. (1977). Beyond the sociology of conflict. New York: St. Martin’s. Collins, R. (2014). A Conflict Theory of Sexual Stratification1. Social Problems, 19(1), 3-21. doi:10.2307/799936 Crouch, C. J. (2001). Conflict Sociology. In N. J. Smelser & P. B. Baltes (...
Feb 13, 2024 · Functionalism has been heavily criticized by a number of schools of thought, but has been revised beginning in the 1970s by American Sociologists. Functionalist theories largely argue that social problems and phenomena are, rather than a symptom of a societal flaw, in some way beneficial to society.
Jun 16, 2024 · The three key sociological paradigms are functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Each are explained below. Sociologists explore social phenomena from different viewpoints and at different levels. They analyze specific events and social patterns (the micro level of analysis) as well as the big picture (the macro level of ...
Feb 16, 2024 · Conclusion. Conflict theories are a central framework in sociology that emphasize the power struggles and inequalities that characterize social life. These theories examine how societal structures, institutions, and practices serve the interests of dominant groups while marginalizing others.
