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Belfast [1] adalah ibu kota sekaligus kota terbesar di Irlandia Utara. Berdasarkan populasi, Belfast adalah kota terbesar ke-14 di Inggris [2] dan ke-2 terbesar di pulau Irlandia. Belfast adalah kedudukan yang dilimpahkan pemerintah dan legislatif Majelis Irlandia Utara. [3]
Belfast (/ ˈbɛlfæst / ⓘ BEL-fast, /- fɑːst / -fahst; [ a ] from Irish: Béal Feirste [bʲeːlˠ ˈfʲɛɾˠ (ə)ʃtʲə] ⓘ) [ 3 ][ 4 ] is the capital city and principal port of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan and connected to the open sea through Belfast Lough and the North Channel.
- Early History
- Medieval Period
- Plantation of Ulster
- Wars of The Three Kingdoms
- Williamite War
- Protestant Ascendency, Militias, Merchants and The Industrialisation
- Act of Union, Direct Rule and Rapid Growth
- Famine, Queen Victoria and Harland & Wolff
- Home Rule, City Charter
- The Ulster Covenant and Rising Tensions
The first permanent settlements were built in the Iron Age. The Giant's Ring, a 5,000-year-old henge, is located near the city, and evidence of Bronze and Iron Age occupation has been found in the surrounding hills. For example, McArt's Fort, an Iron Age hill fort, sits atop Cavehillnorth of the city. The original settlement of Belfast was a small ...
In 1177, during the Norman invasion of Ireland, John de Courcy acquired land in eastern Ulster that included the small village of Belfast. To consolidate his power over the area, de Courcy ordered fortifications to be built in Belfast as well as nearby Carrickfergus resulting in the eventual construction of Belfast Castle and Carrickfergus Castle. ...
In 1603, after the rebellion, Gaelic chieftain Conn O'Neill (son of Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone) was holding a Christmas feast at his stronghold of Castlereagh. After three days of revelry, he and his guests ran out of wine and he ordered his men into the village of Belfast to steal more drink. O'Neill's men got into a quarrel then skirmished with...
Taking advantage of the civil wars that engulfed England and Scotland, in 1641 the Catholic Gaels of Ulster rose in revolt, contributing to what became known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Belfast was saved when the insurgents were driven back from Lisburn. For their further protection, the town's Presbyterians looked, not to the new parliament...
By 1667, Belfast was producing half of Ireland's supply of butter, which was heavily used by the Irish people. Butter also sold at a premium in Europe, with the Dutch paying the highest prices and the French ordering the largest quantities. During the Williamite War in Ireland, Belfast changed hands twice between the forces of James II and William ...
The 18th century saw the rise of the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland. Protestant elites and commoners received privileged status over most Catholics which they justified as a reward for siding with William III during the Glorious Revolution. Penal Laws disqualified many Catholics from the legal amenities enjoyed by other British subjects (includin...
As a consequence of the Rebellion of 1798 and the re-organisation of Britain and Ireland into the United Kingdom, the Irish Parliament was pressured to abolish itself. From that point on, Irish representatives would be sent to Westminster and direct rule would be imposed. Many in Ireland were skeptical of these events, especially when equal rights ...
During the Great Famine, a potato blight that originated in America spread to Europe and decimated crops in Ireland. The Belfast Newsletter predicted the devastating effect the blight would have on the common people of Ireland, particularly in rural areas. The potato crop in 1845 largely failed all over Ireland, with the exception of the west coast...
In 1862 George Hamilton Chichester, 3rd Marquess of Donegall (a descendant of the Chichester family) built a new mansion on the slopes of Cavehill above the town. Named the new Belfast Castle, it was designed by Charles Lanyon and construction was completed in 1870.During the summer of 1872, about 30,000 nationalists held a demonstration at Hannahs...
At the beginning of the 20th century, 75% of Belfast's population was Protestant and opposed the notion of Home Rule. However, the same percentage of Ireland as a whole were Catholic and in favor of the re-establishment of a parliament in Dublin. In 1910 Irish Unionists chose Edward Carson, a lawyer and former Conservative Party MP for Trinity Coll...
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Belfast. The city from Lower Braniel Road. Belfast (Irish: Béal Feirste) is the capital of Northern Ireland. It is the second largest city in Ireland, after Dublin. About 270,000 people live in the city. It became capital of Northern Ireland when Northern Ireland was created in 1921.
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