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1. timberlinemag.com › 2018/07/01 › from-the-firstFrom the First Continuous Kiln to Today, USNR Drying ...

   timberlinemag.com › 2018/07/01 › from-the-first

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   Jul 1, 2018 · From the First Continuous Kiln to Today, USNR Drying Technology Keeps Evolving. USNR has installed the largest number of continuous kilns in North America and continues to improve the design of its Counter-Flow Kiln as well as the design of related systems like the 8-Grate Burner.

2. extension.okstate.edu › fact-sheets › fundamentalFundamental Aspects of Kiln Drying Lumber - Oklahoma State ...

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   • Introduction
   • Kiln Drying
   • Development of Drying Stresses in The Kiln
   • For More Information

   Wood is a hygroscopic material which gains moisture content as a result of changes in humidity. Hygroscopicity is one of the most distinctive properties of wood. Any kind of wood product absorbs and desorbs moisture from the surrounding air until it reaches equilibrium moisture content (EMC), a balance point between the wood’s moisture content and ...

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   The kiln process involves the drying of wood in a chamber where air circulation, relative humidity and temperature can be controlled so that the moisture content of wood can be reduced to a target point without having any drying defects. The most commonly used kilns are conventional and dehumidification kilns. Vacuum and solar kilns also are used f...

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   Stage 1

   Wet lumber having high moisture on the outer and inner portions will be stress free. As soon as it dries, the outer portion will go below the fiber saturation point (fsp), which is 28 to 30 percent moisture content, before the inner portions reach fps.

   Stage 2

   As the atmosphere in the kiln is heated and dried, drying occurs faster on the outside, and the outer fibers will have a tendency to shrink. The interior core of the lumber will be at a moisture content of fsp and will prevent the exterior shell from shrinking as much as possible. The result will be development of tensile stresses on the outside and compression stresses on the inside of the lumber. This is called the second stage of drying as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3.Development of drying...

   Stage 3

   As drying progresses, the center of the board will lose enough moisture to pass below the fsp. As this occurs, it will tend to shrink, but the outer fibers now have a tension set different from the earlier stage of the drying process and will prevent some of the interior shrinking. When this happens, the inner portion will become stressed in tension and the outer portion will have compression stress built up; this is called casehardening. Casehardening occurs when the surface layers of the lu...

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   The principles described in this fact sheet are important elements of the efficient utilization of wood products. Detailed information about these elements also can be found in the following references and handbooks: Simpson,W.T. ed.1991. Dry Kiln Operator’s Manual. USDA. Forest Products Laboratory, Madison. Wood Handbook. Wood as an Engineering Ma...

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3. www.mahoganyoutlet.com › not-all-kiln-dried-lumberNot All Kiln Dried Lumber is the Same, Part 2

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   Jan 18, 2024 · In our first article in this series, we explained the different standards for moisture content of kiln dried wood in North America vs. Europe. North American kiln dried lumber is considered acceptable when it’s dried to a moisture content level of 6-8%. The standard European level is 12-15%.

4. Videos

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     Drying Wood with Dehumidifier Wood Kiln - How to Dry Wood

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     Off Grid Solar Kiln Overview - How to dry firewood fast - How to season firewood quickly

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5. www.timberdesignandtechnology.com › articlesTimber Design and Technology

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   Mar 26, 2024 · The modern day method of kiln drying at source from a sawmill in the U.S. has the benefit of being able to dry timber down to a low enough moisture content level to suit modern indoor building conditions without causing any problems such as shrinkage or distortion.

6. mrtimbers.com › understanding-kiln-dried-woodUnderstanding Kiln-Dried Wood: The Essential Guide for ...

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   Sep 26, 2024 · When wood is properly kiln-dried, it reduces the chances of warping, cracking, or other defects that can occur with improperly dried wood. Whether you’re a seasoned woodworker or just beginning your journey, understanding the significance of kiln-dried wood can impact the quality of your projects.

7. www.tandfonline.com › doi › fullAdvances in wood drying research and development

   www.tandfonline.com › doi › full

   May 9, 2023 · Overall, SSD has the potential to reduce energy consumption and drying time, as well as increase wood quality specially for thick timber that it is already difficult to dry with conventional kiln drying.

8. People also ask

   Why is kiln drying important?

   • Because the dimensions of wood products change with fluctuation in relative humidity, kiln drying becomes one of the most important processes for the efficient use of wood products. Proper machining, gluing and finishing of wood are not possible until moisture content is reduced to an appropriate amount.

   Fundamental Aspects of Kiln Drying Lumber - Oklahoma State University

   extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/fundamental-aspects-of-kiln-drying-lumber.html

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   What happens if wood is dried inappropriately?

   • Wood originates from tree stems and thus has certain intrinsic characteristics, which can affect the drying process and dry wood quality. If the wood is dried inappropriately, one or more drying defects may occur, and these will either require longer drying time (thus consume more energy) or degrade the dry wood quality.

   Advances in wood drying research and development | Taylor & Francis …

   www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07373937.2023.2205530

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   Should wood be dried before use?

   • Therefore, lumber should be dried before use for any applications in further manufacturing. This fact sheet summarizes the basics of kiln drying wood, the most commonly used methods, drying schedules and some drying defects.

   Fundamental Aspects of Kiln Drying Lumber - Oklahoma State University

   extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/fundamental-aspects-of-kiln-drying-lumber.html

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   What happens when a kiln dries?

   • As soon as it dries, the outer portion will go below the fiber saturation point (fsp), which is 28 to 30 percent moisture content, before the inner portions reach fps. As the atmosphere in the kiln is heated and dried, drying occurs faster on the outside, and the outer fibers will have a tendency to shrink.

   Fundamental Aspects of Kiln Drying Lumber - Oklahoma State University

   extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/fundamental-aspects-of-kiln-drying-lumber.html

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   What is a wood kiln?

   • The kiln process involves the drying of wood in a chamber where air circulation, relative humidity and temperature can be controlled so that the moisture content of wood can be reduced to a target point without having any drying defects. The most commonly used kilns are conventional and dehumidification kilns.

   Fundamental Aspects of Kiln Drying Lumber - Oklahoma State University

   extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/fundamental-aspects-of-kiln-drying-lumber.html

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   How does a wood drying kiln work?

   • The drying process consists of opening the kiln doors every 2 to 6 h, and pushing one green wood package through the entry door while removing one dried wood package from the exit door. shows an example of a two-stage progressive kiln commonly used one decade ago in the wood drying industry.

   Advances in wood drying research and development | Taylor & Francis …

   www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07373937.2023.2205530

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9. www.sapeleoutlet.com › is-your-kiln-dried-lumberIs Your Kiln-Dried Lumber Dried to North American or European ...

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   Jul 20, 2024 · But if you’re using the lumber for interior jobs or in a particularly dry region of North America, you can encounter serious problems if you exceed the lower North American standards. These standards aren’t arbitrary.