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Figure 5.1.1 – Layers of Skin: The skin is composed of two main layers: the epidermis, made of closely packed epithelial cells, and the dermis, made of dense, irregular connective tissue that houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures. Beneath the dermis lies the hypodermis, which is composed mainly of loose ...
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
Aug 5, 2012 · Skin thickness varies from 0.5-3mm. Skin has several appendages including hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. The superficial fascia lies beneath the skin and contains fat and connective tissue. It helps insulate the body and store fat. Skin has many important functions like protection, sensation, temperature regulation and vitamin ...
Jul 31, 2023 · The skin contains several glands, hair, nails and nerve endings that allow it to function optimally. This article will discuss the embryology, gross anatomical and histological features of the appendages of the skin. Additionally, pathologies that affect the appendages and their consequences will also be discussed.
Apr 24, 2023 · The skin appendages are epidermal and dermal-derived components of the skin that include hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands. Each component has a unique structure, function, and histology. This article describes the unique characteristics of each of these components and provides insight into tissue preparation for microscopic evaluation and the clinical significance of these ...
- Hani Yousef, Julia H. Miao, Mandy Alhajj, Talel Badri
- 2023/04/24
- 2020
- Stratum Basale
- Stratum spinosum
- Stratum granulosum
- Stratum Lucidum
- Stratum Corneum
- Mnemonic
Stratum basale acts as the stem cell region for the epidermis. It consists of a mixture of simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium resting on a basement membrane. Compared to the cytoplasm, the nuclei of these cells are large, euchromatic, with prominent nucleoli giving a marked basophiliato this layer. The basement membrane serves as the point of ...
Most of the cells ascending from the stratum basale to enter the stratum spinosum are post-mitotic cells and are committed to becoming mature keratinocytes. However, there are a few stem cells in the basal region of the stratum spinosum that contribute to ascending progeny that replenish exfoliated cells of the superficial layers. There are approxi...
During the upward migration from the stratum spinosum, the cells of the stratum granulosum become flattened polygonal and form two to three layers of pyknoticcells. Recall that pyknosis is a characteristic feature of apoptosis (and necrosis) in which the nuclear material condenses. Karyorrhexis (disintegration of the nucleus) subsequently ensues. T...
The stratum lucidum is an epidermal layer only appreciated in glabrous skin. Here, a translucent layer of cells lie above the stratum granulosum and below the stratum corneum. The cells are filled with keratin filamentsand are devoid of nuclei and organelles.
Finally, the stratum corneum is the most superficial layer of the skin. It is designed to withstand repetitive insults in order to protect the deeper structures. The cells of this 15-20 layered stratum are dead, non nucleated, filled with soft keratin filaments, and referred to as squames(owing to their flattened appearance). There is considerable ...
If remembering all these layers seems like a daunting prospective a mnemonic can help! Just memorise 'British & Spanish GranniesLove Cornflakes', which covers the following structures: 1. Stratum Basale 2. Stratum Spinosum 3. Stratum Granulosum 4. Stratum Lucidum 5. Stratum Corneum
Sep 5, 2024 · Fibroblasts – these cells synthesise the extracellular matrix, which is predominantly composed of collagen and elastin. Mast cells – these are histamine granule-containing cells of the innate immune system. Blood vessels and cutaneous sensory nerves; Skin appendages – e.g. hair follicles, nails, sebaceous and sweat glands. Although ...
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The epidermis has a complex structure designed to protect from the environment. It has an undulating surface with cross-crossing ridges and valleys, with invaginations due to follicles and sweat duct ostia. Epidermis is thickest on palms and soles, and thinnest on eyelid and scrotum. Friction ridges.
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