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Arthur Phillip was an important figure in the history of Australia. He was a British naval officer who established the first permanent European colony on the Australian continent.
- Early Life
- Early Maritime Career
- Colonial Service
- Later Life and Death
- Legacy
Arthur Phillip was born on 11 October 1738, in the Parish of All Hallows, in Bread Street, London. He was the son of Jacob Phillip, an immigrant from Frankfurt, who by various accounts was a language teacher, a merchant vessel owner, a merchant captain, or a common seaman. His mother, Elizabeth Breach, was the widow of a common seaman by the name o...
Whaling and merchant expeditions
In April 1754 Fortune headed out to hunt whales near Svalbard in the Barents Sea. As an apprentice Phillip's responsibilities included stripping blubber from whale carcasses and helping to pack it into barrels. Food was scarce, and Fortune's 30 crew members supplemented their diet with bird's eggs, scurvy grass, and, where possible, reindeer. The ship returned to England on 20 July 1754. The whaling crew were paid and replaced with twelve sailors for a winter voyage to the Mediterranean. Phil...
Royal Navy and the Seven Years' War
On 16 October 1755, Phillip enlisted in the Royal Navy as captain's servant aboard the 68-gun HMS Buckingham, commanded by his mother's cousin, Captain Michael Everitt. As a member of Buckingham's crew, Phillip served in home waters until April 1756 and then joined Admiral John Byng's Mediterranean fleet. The Buckingham was Rear-Admiral Temple West's flagship at the Battle of Minorcaon 20 May 1756. Phillip moved on 1 August 1757, with Everitt, to the 90-gun HMS Union, which took part in the R...
Retirement and the Portuguese Navy
In July 1763, Phillip married Margaret Charlotte Denison (née Tibbott), known as Charlott, a widow 16 years his senior, and moved to Glasshayes in Lyndhurst, Hampshire, establishing a farm there. The marriage was unhappy, and the couple separated in 1769 when Phillip returned to the Navy. The following year, he was posted as second lieutenant aboard HMS Egmont, a newly built 74-gun ship of the line. In 1774, Phillip was seconded to the Portuguese Navy as a captain, serving in the war against...
Lord Sandwich, together with the president of the Royal Society, Sir Joseph Banks, the scientist who had accompanied Lieutenant James Cook on his 1770 voyage, was advocating the establishment of a British colony in Botany Bay, New South Wales. Banks accepted an offer of assistance from the American loyalist James Matra in July 1783. Under Banks' gu...
Phillip's estranged wife, Charlott, died 3 August 1792 and was buried in St Beuno's Churchyard, Llanycil, Bala, Merionethshire. Phillip, a resident in Marylebone, married Isabella Whitehead of Bathin St Marylebone Church of England on 8 May 1794. His health recovered, he was recommissioned in March 1796 to the 74-gun HMS Alexander as part of the Ch...
A number of places in Australia bear Phillip's name, including Port Phillip, Phillip Island (Victoria), Phillip Island (Norfolk Island), Phillip Street in Sydney, the federal electorate of Phillip (1949–1993), the suburb of Phillip in Canberra, the Governor Phillip Towerbuilding in Sydney, St Phillip's Church, Sydney (now St Philip's), and many str...
Oct 7, 2024 · Arthur Phillip, British admiral whose convict settlement at Sydney in 1788 was the first permanent European colony on the Australian continent. As the first governor of New South Wales, he struggled with rebellious convicts and troops. Learn more about Phillip’s life and career.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Jun 30, 2015 · Long before he set sail from Portsmouth in May 1787, in command of 11 ships filled with about 1,400 souls bound for Botany Bay and posterity, Arthur Phillip had led an adventurous life.
Dec 5, 2023 · He separated from his wife about six years later. In 1774 Phillip joined the Portuguese Navy as a captain. He served in the Spanish-Portuguese War, 1776–1777. Phillip took a group of convict ships from Portugal to Brazil. This trip was a success because not many people died.
Phillips was a five-time champion on Jeopardy! in 1997. [7] In 2005, he competed in the Jeopardy! Ultimate Tournament of Champions. He won his opening-round game but lost in the second round. Phillips is married to film producer Barbara Muschietti.
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His mother, Elizabeth Breach, was the widow of a common seaman by the name of John Herbert, who had died of disease in Jamaica aboard HMS Tartar on 13 August 1732. [1] At the time of Arthur Phillip's birth, his family maintained a modest existence as tenants near Cheapside in the City of London.
