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Master the intricacies of Tamil grammar with our in-depth guide. Whether you're a beginner or an advanced learner, this resource will help you navigate the rich and complex structure of the Tamil language.
Tamil grammar. Much of Tamil grammar is extensively described in the oldest available grammar book for Tamil, the Tolkāppiyam (dated between 300 BCE and 300 CE). Modern Tamil writing is largely based on the 13th century grammar Naṉṉūl, which restated and clarified the rules of the Tolkāppiyam with some modifications.
- Articles
- Determiners
- Nouns
- Cases
- Adjectives
- Pronouns
- Verbs
- Adverbs
- Prepositions
- Tamil Tenses
Tamil does not have definite or indefinite articles like ‘the’ or ‘a’ in English. Instead, the context and the relationship between words in a sentence determine their meaning. In some cases, the language uses demonstrative pronouns, such as ‘this’ and ‘that,’ to indicate the specificity of a noun. However, most of the time, the absence of articles...
Determiners are words that precede a noun to indicate the reference of the noun in the context of the sentence. Here is a list of some commonly used determiners in Tamil: You can know more about the Tamil language on the Ling app.
Tamil nounsare classified into two categories: animate and inanimate. Animate nouns are those that refer to living things, while inanimate nouns refer to non-living objects. Nouns in this language can be declined according to the eight cases, which indicate the relationship between the noun and other words in the sentence. They also have singular a...
Tamil has eight cases, also known as vibhaktis, which indicate the relationship between a noun and other elements in a sentence. Let’s understand each case with the help of an example. 1. Nominative Case:It is used to indicate the subject of a sentence. For example, in the sentence naan padikkiraen (நான் படிக்கிறேன்), naan (நான்) is the subject, an...
Adjectives are inflected based on gender, case, and number, and come before the noun they modify. For example, the adjective maghizhchiyaana (மகிழ்ச்சியான), meaning ‘happy,’ can be used to modify the Tamil word naal (நாள் – day) to form the phrase maghizhchiyaana naal (மகிழ்ச்சியான நாள்) which means ‘happy day.’ Adjectives can also be used in a com...
Pronouns indicate the gender, number, and case of the noun they are replacing. Tamil pronouns also include possessive pronouns and demonstrative pronouns. Here is a list:
Verbs are conjugated according to tense, aspect, mood, person, and number, which can indicate a variety of meanings and nuances. For example, the verbpaesu (பேசு – to speak) can be conjugated into the past tense as paesinaen (பேசினேன்) meaning ‘I spoke.’ Verbs in Tamil can also be transitive or intransitive, indicating whether or not they take an o...
Tamil Adverbs indicate how, when, where, or to what extent an action or state occurs. For example, the adverb arumaiyaagha (அருமையாக) means ‘nicely’ and can modify the verb paesu (பேசு – speak), forming the phrase arumaiyaagha paesu (அருமையாக பேசு), which means ‘speak nicely.’ Adverbs can also indicate time, such as ippodhu (இப்போது) meaning ‘now,’...
Tamil prepositionsindicate location, direction, or time, and are used to connect nouns and pronouns with other parts of a sentence. Here is a list:
The most common tenses in Tamil are the present, past, and future, each of which has various forms to indicate aspect and mood. For example, the present tense can be used to describe actions or states that are happening currently, such as naan saapidughiraen(நான் சாப்பிடுகிறேன்) meaning ‘I am eating.’ The past tense is used to describe actions or s...
In the following sections we are going to look in detail how the SOV structure in Tamil works and how we can put together all the verbs we learnt. We are also going to have a look at how some of the more complex sentences with subclauses look like.
Top Tamil Grammar Books. To aid your quest for mastering Tamil grammar, here are some of the best books that cover different aspects of the language comprehensively. Nannool. One of the most revered texts in Tamil grammar is the “Nannool,” written by Pavananthi Munivar during the 13th century.
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The main purpose of the word class of verbs is to express any kind of action performed by any kind living or non-living being. Those actions can happen at the time of expression but also in the past or in the future. In Tamil, you have to follow a few rules of conjugation in order to master all tenses.
