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1. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › 19th-century_philosophy19th-century philosophy - Wikipedia

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   The American philosophers Charles Sanders Peirce and William James developed the pragmatist philosophy in the late 19th century. This school of thought holds that the value of an idea is based upon its practicability or utility rather than the extent to which it reflects reality.

2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › John_Stuart_MillJohn Stuart Mill - Wikipedia

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   John Stuart Mill (20 May 1806 – 7 May 1873) [ 1 ] was an English philosopher, political economist, politician and civil servant. One of the most influential thinkers in the history of liberalism, he contributed widely to social theory, political theory, and political economy.

3. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Jeremy_BenthamJeremy Bentham - Wikipedia

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   Bentham defined as the "fundamental axiom" of his philosophy the principle that "it is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong." [ 6 ] [ 7 ] He became a leading theorist in Anglo-American philosophy of law , and a political radical whose ideas influenced the development of welfarism .

4. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Friedrich_Heinrich_JacobiFriedrich Heinrich Jacobi - Wikipedia

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   Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (German: [jaˈkoːbi]; 25 January 1743 – 10 March 1819) was an influential German philosopher, literary figure, and socialite.

5. plato.stanford.edu › entries › schopenhauerArthur Schopenhauer - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

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   May 12, 2003 · Arthur Schopenhauer was among the first 19 th century philosophers to contend that at its core, the universe is not a rational place. Inspired by Plato and Kant, both of whom regarded the world as being more amenable to reason, Schopenhauer developed their philosophies into an instinct-recognizing and ultimately ascetic outlook, emphasizing ...

6. plato.stanford.edu › entries › bergsonHenri Bergson - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

   plato.stanford.edu › entries › bergson

   May 18, 2004 · Henri Bergson (1859–1941) was one of the most famous and influential French philosophers of the late 19th century-early 20th century. Although his international fame reached cult-like heights during his lifetime, his influence decreased notably after the second World War.

7. People also ask

   What is the role of a philosopher?

   • The role of the philosopher is to seize those rare and discontinuous intuitions in order to support them, then dilate them and connect them to one another. In this process, philosophy realizes that intuition coincides with spirit, and eventually with life itself.

   Henri Bergson - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

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   What was philosophy like in the 1840s?

   • In the 1840s, academic philosophy in Europe, following Hegel, was almost completely divorced from the concerns of individual human life, in favour of pursuing abstract metaphysical systems.

   19th-century philosophy - Wikipedia

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   Where did neo-Kantian philosophy come from?

   • In the second half of the 19th century, an even more orthodox return to Kantian thought was espoused by a number of Neo-Kantian philosophers based in two main locations: the Marburg School and the Baden School.

   19th-century philosophy - Wikipedia

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   Did Sartre and Merleau-Ponty have a new generation of philosophers?

   • First, at least in France, a new generation of philosophers was arising, in particular, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty. Like any new generation, this one had to differentiate itself from the tradition it was inheriting; in many respects, Bergson’s thought dominated this tradition.

   Henri Bergson - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

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   Who opposed idealism in the first half of the 19th century?

   • One of the most famous opponents of idealism in the first half of the German 19th century was Ludwig Feuerbach, who advocated materialism and atheism. Utilitarianism is a consequentialist approach to normative ethics that holds morally right actions are those that promote the most human happiness.

   19th-century philosophy - Wikipedia

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   How does philosophy introduce us into spiritual life?

   • Thus Bergson concludes, “philosophy introduces us into spiritual life. And at the same time, it shows us the relation of the life of spirit to the life of the body” (Creative Evolution, p. 268). In a word, it is life in its creativity which unifies the simplicity of spirit with the diversity of matter.

   Henri Bergson - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

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8. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › George_BooleGeorge Boole - Wikipedia

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   George Boole Jnr FRS (/ buːl /; 2 November 1815 – 8 December 1864) was a largely self-taught English mathematician, philosopher and logician, most of whose short career was spent as the first professor of mathematics at Queen's College, Cork in Ireland. He worked in the fields of differential equations and algebraic logic, and is best known ...