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Founded on June 3, 1770, Monterey was the second permanent settlement (after San Diego) established by Spanish explorers in what is now California. It functioned as the capital of Alta California under both Spain (1804–1821) and Mexico (1822–1846).
In 1770 Gaspar de Portolá established a presidio (military post) at the site, and Junípero Serra founded the Mission San Carlos Borroméo (moved to Carmel in 1771). Named the capital of Alta California in 1775, Monterey was fortified and became a port of entry and centre of Spanish culture.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
In 1776, Spain named Monterey as the capital of Baja (lower) and Alta (upper) California. That same year, Captain Juan Bautista de Anza arrived from Sonora with the first colonist for Spanish California; most of them bound for San Francisco.
On April 18, 1774, Monterey is named the capital of Las Californias, upper and lower California. On March 10, 1776, Anza's Expedition arrives in Monterey with 240 soldiers and colonists. On February 3, 1777, Monterey becomes the official capital of Alta California. 1790s.
Monterey was first seen by Europeans when Portuguese explorer Juan Rodriquez Cabrillo spotted La Bahia de los Pinos (Bay of Pines) in 1542 on a journey in search of riches in the New World. But high winds prevented him and his crew from landing.
Nov 6, 2023 · The story of Monterey started long before California joined the United States. The Ohlone people were the first to inhabit the area, thriving on the land’s natural bounty. It wasn’t until the arrival of the Spanish that Monterey began to transform.
The small and culturally-rich Californian town of Monterey is blessed with a superb setting on the bay of the same name. This town is of particular historical importance due to its position as capital of Alta California under Mexico and Spain, during the troubled years between 1777 and 1846.
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