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What to do. First, treat any cause of shock that you can see or that you have identified from the primary survey, such as severe bleeding. Then help the casualty to lie down. Raise their legs, supporting them on a chair. This will help to improve the blood supply to their vital organs.
- Severe Bleeding
Treat for shock; Support the injury. If severe bleeding...
- Severe Bleeding
Aug 20, 2024 · Shock is a life-threatening condition that needs urgent intervention, often in a critical care setting. The patient with shock will look unwell and often have symptoms specific to the underlying cause (e.g., fever, chest pain, shortness of breath, or abdominal pain).
Mar 20, 2024 · 1. Lay the Person Down, if Possible. Elevate the person's feet about 12 inches unless head, neck, or back is injured or you suspect broken hip or leg bones. Do not raise the person's head. Turn the...
- Anaphylaxis
- Bleeding Heavily
- Burns and Scalds
- Chemical Burns
- Choking
- Drowning
- Electric Shock
- Fractures
- Heart Attack
- Needlestick Injuries
Anaphylaxis (or anaphylactic shock) is a severe allergic reaction that can occur after an insect stingor eating certain foods. The adverse reaction can be very fast, occurring within seconds or minutes of coming into contact with the substance the person is allergic to (allergen). During anaphylactic shock, it may be difficult for the person to bre...
If someone is bleeding heavily, the main aim is to prevent further blood loss and minimise the effects of shock. First, dial 999 and ask for an ambulance as soon as possible. If you have disposable gloves, use them to reduce the risk of any infection being passed on. Check that there's nothing embedded in the wound. If there is, take care not to pr...
If someone has a burn or scald: 1. Cool the burn as quickly as possible with cool running water for at least 20 minutes, or until the pain is relieved. 2. Call 999 or seek medical help, if needed. 3. While cooling the burn, and before the area begins to swell, carefully remove any clothing or jewellery, unless it's attached to the skin. 4. If you'r...
For chemical burns, wear protective gloves, remove any affected clothing, and rinse the burn with cool running water for at least 20 minutes to remove the chemical. If possible, determine the cause of the injury. In certain situations where a chemical is regularly handled, a specific chemical antidote may be available to use. Be careful not to cont...
The following information is for choking in adults. There is separate advice on how to stop a child from choking.
If someone is in difficulty in water, don't enter the water unless it's safe to do so. Don't put yourself at risk. Once the person is on land, you need to check if they're breathing. Ask someone to call 999 for medical help. If they're not breathing, open the airway and give 5 initial rescue breaths before starting CPR. Find out how to give CPR, in...
If someone has had an electric shock, switch off the electrical current at the mains to break the contact between the person and the electrical supply. If you can't reach the mains supply: 1. Do not go near or touch the person until you're sure the electrical supply has been switched off. 2. Once the power supply has been switched off, and if the p...
It can be difficult to tell if a person has a broken bone or a joint, as opposed to a simple muscular injury. If you're in any doubt, treat the injury as a broken bone. If the person is unconscious or is bleeding heavily, these must be dealt with first by controlling the bleeding with direct pressure and performing CPR. See the section on bleeding ...
A heart attackis one of the most common life-threatening heart conditions in the UK. If you think someone is having or has had a heart attack, call 999 and then move them into a comfortable sitting position. Symptoms of a heart attack include: 1. chest pain – the pain is usually located in the centre or left side of the chest and can feel like a se...
If you pierce your skin with a used needle: 1. gently squeeze the wound to encourage it to bleed (ideally while holding it under running water) 2. wash the wound using running water and plenty of soap 3. do not scrub or suck the wound 4. dry the wound and cover it with a waterproof plaster or dressing Get urgent medical advice from NHS 111 online, ...
Apr 16, 2024 · Treatment. After calling 911 or your local emergency number, take the following steps right away: Lay the person down and elevate the legs and feet slightly, unless you think this may cause pain or further injury. Keep the person still. Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of life, such as not breathing, coughing or moving.
Nov 23, 2023 · In cases of shock, insufficient blood gets to the organs to supply oxygen and other nutrients. The four types of shock are hypovolemic, distributive, cardiogenic, and obstructive. Subtypes of distributive shock include septic shock, anaphylactic shock, and neurogenic shock.
Nov 11, 2019 · The treatment for shock will vary based on the underlying cause. For instance, a person experiencing anaphylaxis may need a shot of epinephrine, which can treat severe allergic reactions.
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