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The UK's woodland is home to thousands of species. Find out more about some of the mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians that live in the UK's woods.
- Fox
The Woodland Trust is a charity registered in England and...
- Habitats
Habitats. The UK’s woodlands are rich and diverse,...
- Mammals Explore UK mammals and get our tips on how to identify them, where to see them and why they're important.
- Birds With declining woodland bird populations, protecting woodland habitats is more important than ever, from the lush canopy to the leaf litter below.
- Reptiles and amphibians Look out for these cold-blooded creatures along woodland edges, glades, ditches and ponds. Woods are ideal for hunting and breeding, while crevices, burrows, logs and leaf litter offer perfect winter shelter.
- Fish With secretive habits and intriguing lifecycles, fish like salmon, trout and lamprey rely on woodland streams and rivers. These shady and fast-flowing watery habitats are a vital part of their survival.
- Butterflies Woodland butterflies are some of the most thrilling and colourful woodland animals. But with a 55% decrease between 1999 and 2015, protecting and increasing their woodland habitats is more important than ever.
- Beetles There are 4,000 recorded species of beetle in Britain, and more than 1,000 live in trees and woodland habitats.
- Bugs Bugs are common woodland residents, with their piercing and sucking mouth parts, which sets them apart from their beetle relatives.
- Bees, wasps and ants Bees, wasps and ants all form part of the insect order Hymenoptera, a large and diverse group made up of 'membrane-winged' insects.
- Spiders and harvestmen They might not be the UK's most loved animal, but spiders are pretty special with some species thriving in woodland habitats.
- Slugs and snails Slugs and snails are key parts of the woodland ecosystem, providing food for many.
- Crickets and grasshoppers Whether they're chirruping in the tree tops or jumping around on the forest floor, many crickets and grasshoppers are found in woodland.
- Centipedes and millipedes Centipedes and millipedes are many-legged recycling machines, often thriving on the woodland floor.
- Crustaceans Woodlice are land-based crustaceans and industrious nutrient recyclers and look under any rock or stump and they'll be there!
- Flies The UK is home to a number of different species of true fly, including craneflies, robber-flies, bee-flies, hoverflies and mosquitoes, as well as the more distantly related caddisflies.
- Other invertebrates Woodland supports thousands, probably millions, of insects and invertebrates that live among the leaves, under bark, in dead wood and on the woodland floor.
- Bats The UK is home to 18 species of bat. The only mammals that can fly, they also sleep upside down, navigate by echolocation and find food and shelter in woods and trees.
- Fox
- Page Index
- Woodland Animals List
- What Is A Woodland?
- Acorn Woodpecker
- American Black Bear
- Eastern Gray Squirrel
- Northern Cardinal
- Raccoon
- White-Tailed Deer
- Wild Turkey
A woodland is a terrestrial ecosystem characterized by a dense growth of trees, shrubs, and other vegetation. Woodlands differ from forests in terms of tree density, size, and canopy cover, with woodlands typically being more open, and having a less continuous canopy, than forests. Woodlands are found in various regions across the globe, spanning d...
Scientific name: Melanerpes formicivorus Family: Picidae Where found: Western United States, Mexico, and Central America, in oak and pine-oak woodlands Conservation status: Least Concern The Acorn Woodpecker is a medium-sized woodpecker recognized by its striking black, white, and red facial pattern and streaked chest. This woodland bird is known f...
Scientific name: Ursus americanus Family: Ursidae Where found: North America, from Alaska to Mexico Conservation status: Least Concern The American Black Bear is the smallest and most widely-distributed bear species in North America. An omnivore, it has a diverse diet, consisting of plants, insects, fish, and mammals. Equipped with sharper claws th...
Scientific name: Sciurus carolinensis Family: Sciuridae Where found: Eastern North America and parts of the United Kingdom Conservation status: Least Concern The Eastern Gray Squirrel is a common tree squirrel known for its agility and adaptability. It is primarily herbivorous, feeding on seeds, nuts, and fruits. The species is known for its food-c...
Scientific name: Cardinalis cardinalis Family: Cardinalidae Where found: Eastern and central North America, from Canada to Mexico Conservation status: Least Concern The Northern Cardinal is a medium-sized songbird known for its prominent crest and the vibrant red color of the male. Females are primarily brown with a reddish tint on their wings and ...
Scientific name: Procyon lotor Family: Procyonidae Where found: North America, Central America, and parts of South America, in a wide range of habitats including forests, marshes, and urban areas Conservation status: Least Concern The Raccoon is a medium-sized mammal known for its distinctive black mask, bushy ringed tail, and dexterous front paws....
Scientific name: Odocoileus virginianus Family: Cervidae Where found: North, Central, and South America Conservation status: Least Concern The White-tailed Deer is a medium-sized deer that is widely distributed throughout the Americas. It is known for its characteristic white tail, which is raised as a warning signal when alarmed. White-tailed deer...
Scientific name: Meleagris gallopavo Family: Phasianidae Where found: North America, from Canada to Mexico Conservation status: Least Concern The Wild Turkey is a large ground-dwelling bird native to North America. It is known for its distinct fan-shaped tail and wattled neck. Wild Turkeys are omnivores with a diverse diet that includes seeds, inse...
Habitats. The UK’s woodlands are rich and diverse, supporting more invertebrates than any other habitat. From lush temperate forests, to orchards and old hunting grounds. Each is varied and complex, shaped by geology, soils, climate and people over generations.
Ancient woodland Home to myth and legend, where folk tales began. It fuelled our ancestors and still houses thousands of species. Ancient woodland has grown and adapted with native wildlife, yet what remains only covers 2.5% of the UK.- Broadleaved woodland Sun-dappled and ever-changing, broadleaved woodland across the UK provides ideal conditions for more species than you can count! We fight to protect it, and make much more, but, the UK is still one of the least wooded countries in Europe.
- Caledonian forest and native conifer woods For millennia, Caledonian pine forests blanketed loch sides and glen. Home to myth, legend, and rare wildlife, only a tiny fragment of this once vast landscape now remains. Other native coniferous woods include rare juniper and yew woodlands.
- Deadwood Dead and decaying wood is one of any woodland's most important microhabitats. Learn more about why we need more of it, as well as the rare and endangered beetles, colourful fungi and other threatened wildlife that relies on it.
- Grassland From woodland glades and wildflower meadows, to pasture and sports fields, grassland covers large areas of the UK. They can be diverse wildlife havens and many have developed from human activities.
- Heathland and moorland Shaped by our ancestors for life’s essentials. Open heathlands provided grazing, foraging, and vital materials. Find out how they support specialist wildlife and form mosaics with other open and wooded habitats.
- Hedgerows Small but mighty, hedges are an essential refuge for wildlife, clean our air, capture carbon, reduce flooding and give clues to historic land management. Find out more.
- Orchards Buzzing with life and fruitful harvests. Orchards are both useful for food, but also for a huge range of wildlife. Though many have been lost, there is hope for the orchard!
- Plantations and new native woods Young and industrious, a plantation can be for profit, a new haven for wildlife and a way to lock up carbon. Many of our native ancient woods were sacrificed for timber plantations during and after the World Wars, so now we’re on a mission to restore them.
- Soil Soil is the basis of most habitats on earth. Each and every woodland is a representation of the soil it grows on, and each handful is bustling with life.
- Temperate rainforest Also known as Atlantic or Celtic rainforest, this special habitat is incredibly rare. Its lush conditions are perfect for scarce plants, lichens and fungi, as well as a number of unusual animals.
- Urban trees
- Wet woodland Wild, transient, boggy and rare. Wet woodlands are now some of our least common wooded habitats. Trees like alder, willows and birch dominate on wet soils, whilst sedges, ferns and mosses flourish beneath.
- Wood pasture and parkland Home of history and ancient trees, there’s more than meets the eye to wood pasture and parkland. These sites are often mixtures of habitats, with scrub and denser woodland groves, to more open grassland or heathland with scattered trees.
The UK's native woods and trees support a great diversity of living organisms. Our species guides explore the wildlife that depends on woodland, from plants and fungi to mammals, birds, bees and beetles.
The area of semi-natural ancient woodland is tiny – just 1.2 % of the UK. However, there is increasing interest in creating new woodlands. The role of woodland in combatting climate change by storing carbon is better understood, although its importance in flood control is still overlooked.
Go for a walk in a woodland area with a responsible adult. Collect bits of twigs, soil and leaves that you find on the floor. What animals can you see? hear? What can you smell? Can you see any...
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What animals live in woodland? Discover some of the UK's most spectacular forest mammals, birds and insects with BBC Countryfile Magazine's spotter's guide.
