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James Francis Edward Stuart (10 June 1688 – 1 January 1766), nicknamed the Old Pretender by Whigs and the King over the Water by Jacobites, was the son of King James VII and II of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and his second wife, Mary of Modena.
Jun 6, 2024 · James Edward, the Old Pretender (born June 10, 1688, London, Eng.—died Jan. 1, 1766, Rome, Papal States [Italy]) , also known as the Old Pretender, was the son of the deposed Roman Catholic monarch James II of England and claimant to the English and Scottish thrones.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Learn about the life and legacy of James Francis Edward Stuart, the Catholic pretender to the British throne. Explore his birth, exile, rebellions, and death in this biography.
James Francis Edward Stuart, with a French invasion fleet, reached the Firth of Forth in Scotland but was unable to proceed with a landing because ships from the Royal Navy were waiting for them.
Learn about the life and legacy of James Francis Edward Stuart, the son of King James VII and the focus of the Jacobite cause. Find out how he tried to regain the Scottish throne in 1708 and 1715, and why he died in exile in Rome.
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Jun 27, 2018 · Learn about the life and legacy of James Francis Edward Stuart, the son of James II and the 'Old Pretender' to the British throne. Find out how his birth, exile, and rebellions shaped the history of the Jacobite cause.