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- Discovery of the Electron – The first subatomic particle. In 1834, Michael Faraday coined the word ion to describe charged particles which were attracted to positively or negatively charged electrodes.
- The Atom as a Plum Pudding. Based on his results, Thomson produced his famous (but incorrect) plum pudding model of the atom. He pictured the atom as a uniformly positively charged ‘pudding’ within which the plums (electrons) orbited.
- Invention of the Mass Spectrometer. In discovering the electron, Thomson also moved towards the invention of an immensely important new tool for chemical analysis – the mass spectrometer.
- Every Hydrogen Atom has only one Electron. In 1907, Thomson established using a variety of methods that every atom of hydrogen has only one electron.
- He Did Groundbreaking Work in Conduction of Electricity in Gases
- J J Thomson Discovered The Electron
- His Cathode Ray Experiments Aided The Invention of Television
- He Discovered The First Evidence of Different Isotopes in A Stable Element
- His Treatise on The Motion of Vortex Rings Is A Seminal Text on The Subject
- He Was The First to Explain Thomson Scattering
- He Proposed Plum Pudding Model of The Atom
- His Lectures Foreshadowed Einstein’s Quantum Theory of Light
- He Made Vital Contributions to Mass Spectrometry
- He Vastly Influenced The Work of Other Nobel Prize Winning Physicists
Cathode rays are radiation emitted when a voltage is applied between two metal plates inside a glass tube filled with low-pressure gas. In 1897, Thomson showed that cathode rays consisted of particles, electrons, thatconduct electricity. This research waswidely recognized as one of the most important work being done in the scientific community at t...
From the late 17th century onward, it was widely accepted among the scientific community that the atom was the smallest unit of matter. However, J.J. Thomson conclusively proved otherwise through his experiments with cathode ray tubes that showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles. Thomson thus discovered particles t...
The Cathode Ray formed the fulcrum of many modern day inventions such as the very first televisions. Earlier, scientists were not sure whether the electric charge from the cathode ray could be separated from the ray itself. During his cathode ray experiments, Thomson applied a magnetic field across the cathode ray tube, thus discovering that the ra...
Isotopes arevariants of a chemical element that have different numbers of neutrons. Earlier it was widely believed that stable or non-radioactive elements did not have isotopes. However, J.J Thomson proved otherwise. In 1912, Thomson and his research assist F.W. Aston conducted experiments on streams of positively charged particles. They channeled ...
A vortex is a region where a fluid or gas spins around an imaginary axis that forms a closed loop. J.J Thomson’s “Treatise on the Motion of Vortex Rings” is a seminal text on the subject and it won the Adam’s Prize in 1882. The book received acclaim across the scientific community for its explanation of the subject. It is a comprehensive text book ...
Thomson Scattering is the “scattering of electromagnetic radiation by a free non-relativistic charged particle. The electric and magnetic components of the incident wave accelerate the particle. As it accelerates, it, in turn, emits radiation and thus, the wave is scattered.” It is a very important concept in plasma physics and forms the basis of X...
In March, 1904, JJ Thomson proposed a model of the atom whereby the negatively charged corpuscles (electrons) were distributed in a uniform sea of positive charge and electrostatic forces determined their position. Known as the Plum Pudding Model, it played an important role in theresearch of atomic structure. The model got it’s name from thepopula...
The wave theory of light was the most widely accepted theory of light in the 1800s. However, in 1903, Thomson proposed a discontinuous theory of light in his Silliman lectures at Yale University. This foreshadowed Einstein’s influential quantum theory of light which states that “both light and matter consists of tiny particles which have wavelike p...
Sir Thomson’s efforts in measuring the mass-to-change ratio of electrons and ions was crucial to the field of mass spectrometry. By modifying an apparatus for the photographic method of recording parabolas, he managed to plot intensity against relative mass; thus creating the world’s first mass spectrometer. His plots of ion intensity against relat...
In addition to being a very fine scientist, Sir Thomson was also a brilliant teacher and lecturer. During his time at the Cambridge University he worked closely with a number of research assistants and students who would go on to make stellar scientific discoveries of their own. This list includes Ernest Rutherford, Charles Glover Barkla, Niels Boh...
Scottish-Irish physicist William Thomson, better known as Lord Kelvin, was one of the most eminent scientists of the 19th century and is best known today for inventing the international system of absolute temperature that bears his name.
Apr 2, 2014 · J.J. Thomson was a Nobel Prize-winning physicist whose research led to the discovery of electrons. Updated: May 26, 2021 5:36 PM EDT. Photo: Universal History Archive/Getty Images. (1856-1940) Who...
Prize motivation: “in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases”. Prize share: 1/1. The idea that electricity is transmitted by a tiny particle related to the atom was first forwarded in the 1830s.
Oct 18, 2024 · J.J. Thomson, English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron (1897). He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 and was knighted two years later. Learn more about his life, career, and legacy.
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Jun 27, 2022 · Thomson, a highly respected theoretical physics professor at Cambridge University, undertook a series of experiments designed to study the nature of electric discharge in a high-vacuum cathode-ray tube – he was attempting to solve a long-standing controversy regarding the nature of cathode rays, which occur when an electric current is driven thr...
