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Gruffydd
glenavon-llandudno.co.uk
- The first historical reference to him comes in 1039 when he emerged as king of Gwynedd and Powys, succeeding Iago who had been slain in unexplained circumstances. In the same year Gruffydd crushed an Anglo-Saxon army at Rhyd-y-groes near Welshpool, before marching across Plynlimon to begin the conquest of south-west Wales (Deheubarth).
www.iwa.wales/agenda/2012/08/the-last-king-of-wales/
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The long and capable rule of Gruffydd's son the Lord Rhys – and the civil wars that followed Owain's death in Gwynedd – briefly permitted the South to reassert the hegemony Hywel Dda had enjoyed two centuries before. On his death in 1197, though, Rhys redivided his kingdom among his several sons and none of them ever again rivalled his power.
Hywel Dda ap Cadell (Howell the Good) (942–950) (Dinefwr dynasty, descended from the second son of Rhodri Mawr who ruled in Deheubarth, usurps Gwynedd from the Aberffraw line). [21] Iago ab Idwal (950–979) (returns to the Aberffraw branch).
As a general rule, the princes of Gwynedd remained militarily dominant, while Deheubarth was either ruled by vassals or directly by Gwynedd's ruler. The word 'deheu' means 'of the south', the state's obvious power base in relation to the rest of Wales.
Prior to the Conquest of Wales, completed in 1282, Wales (Welsh: Cymru) consisted of a number of independent kingdoms, the most important being Gwynedd, Powys, Deheubarth (originally Ceredigion, Seisyllwg and Dyfed) and Morgannwg (Glywysing and Gwent). Boundary changes and the equal division of patrimony meant that few princes ever came close ...
In 1018, Llywelyn ap Seisyll of Gwynedd, who married into the Deheubarth royal family, laid claim to Deheubarth and ruled until his death in 1023. Gwynedd and Deheubarth were then overrun by Rhydderch ab Iestyn of Gwent, who styled himself king of Deheubarth.
Antonius Dionatus Gregorius ap Macsen (King Anwn Dynod) aka Demetius King of Western Britain & Demetia (South Wales) – son of Macsen Wledig & Elen Luyddog ferch Eudaf Hen. More than likely a high-ranking Roman governor who was accepted as a ruler of the Demetia (South Wales) and Western Britain.
Ralph Alan Griffiths. The Oxford Companion to British History. Deheubarth (‘the south part’), one of Wales's larger medieval kingdoms. Source for information on Deheubarth: The Oxford Companion to British History dictionary.
