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When did Vandalia become the state capital of Illinois?
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The city served as the state capital of Illinois from 1819 until 1839, when the seat of state government moved closer to the center of the state in Springfield. In the early 19th century, Vandalia became the western terminus of the National Road from the East Coast.
In 1820 with the completion of the new, or "second", capitol, Vandalia became the capital city of the state. The structure burned soon thereafter and a third Capitol quickly rose four years later in 1824 at a cost of $15,000 dollars (equivalent to $416,182 in 2023).
The State government began functioning in Springfield during December, 1839. The Eleventh General Assembly returned the Vandalia Capitol to Fayette County. In 1919, the State repurchased the building and in 1933 to converted it into a State memorial.
The city was laid out in 1819 and served as the state capital until government functions were transferred to Springfield in 1839. The Vandalia Statehouse (1836), the third built in the city, is preserved as a state historic site; across from the statehouse building is a life-size statue of Abraham Lincoln.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Vandalia residents, frightened by an 1834 referendum to relocate the capital, constructed a third capitol building, the one that stands today. Work began in the summer of 1836 with efforts to salvage material from the old building.
Vandalia, the second capital of Illinois, is steeped in history. Built in 1836, it is the oldest Illinois State Capitol building. The Federal-style white building which served as the Illinois State Capitol from 1836-1839 is impressive with its high ceilings, tall windows and vintage furnishings.
May 7, 2013 · Vandalia became the second capitol of the new state of Illinois in 1819**, but it didn’t remain the seat of government for long. The Federal-style building that stands today was the third statehouse in Vandalia, built in 1836 in response to a referendum to move the capitol from Vandalia to Springfield.
