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Jun 1, 2017 · ‘The work of James Clerk Maxwell changed the world forever’, said Albert Einstein. Einstein's comments referred to Maxwell's four great electromagnetics papers, published when he was Professor of Natural Philosophy at King’s (1861-5).
The humble 19th Century Scot who inspired Albert Einstein. Albert Einstein considered him a genius. Heinrich Hertz described him as ‘Maestro Maxwell’. His work paved the way for many of the...
Dec 1, 2015 · Einstein described Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic radiation as 'the most profound and the most fruitful since the time of Newton'. 'It's absolutely tremendous,' says Longair.
- Special Relativity
- The Fourth Dimension
- The Equivalence Principle
- Gravity as Curved Spacetime
- General Relativity
- Relational Or Absolute?
Physics at the end of the nineteenth century found itself in crisis:there were perfectly good theories of mechanics (Newton) and electromagnetism(Maxwell), but they did not seem to agree. Light was known to be anelectromagnetic phenomenon, but it did not obey the same lawsof mechanics as matter. Experiments by Albert A. Michelson (1852-1931) andoth...
Einstein did not quite finish the job, however. Contrary to popularbelief, he did notdraw the conclusion that space and time could beseen as components of a single four-dimensional spacetime fabric. Thatinsight came from Hermann Minkowski (1864-1909), who announced it in a1908 colloquium with the dramatic words: "Henceforth space by itself, andtime...
Soon after completing his special theory, Einstein had the "happiest thought of his life" (1907). It came while he was sitting in hischair at the patent office in Bern and wondering what it would be like to tryto drop a ball while falling off the side of a building. Einstein realizedthat a person who accelerates downward along with the ball will no...
Einstein eventually identified the property of spacetime which isresponsible for gravity as its curvature. Space and time inEinstein's universe are no longer flat (as implicitly assumed by Newton)but can pushed and pulled, stretched and warped by matter. Gravity feelsstrongest where spacetime is most curved, and it vanishes where spacetimeis flat. ...
General relativity is based physically on the equivalence principle, butthe theory also has a second, more mathematical foundation. Known as theprinciple of general covariance, it is the requirement that the law ofgravitation be the same for all observers — even accelerating ones —regardless of the coordinates in which it is described.(It is for th...
In 1918, Einstein described Mach's principle as a philosophical pillarof general relativity, along with the physical principle of equivalenceand the mathematical pillar of general covariance. This characterization isnow widely regarded as wishful thinking. Einstein was undoubtedly inspiredby Mach's relational views, and he hoped that his new theory...
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Maxwell saw analogies between the speeds of travel of electromagnetic waves and of light, and devised four important mathematical equations which formulated these and other relationships between electricity and magnetism. Some of Maxwell's results prompted Albert Einstein's research in relativity.
Feb 1, 2022 · But, Einstein wrote, this contradicted work by another scientist, James Clerk Maxwell, whose equations required that electromagnetic waves always move at the same speed in a vacuum: 186,282...
