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The Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921 – also known as the 1921 Race Riot, the Tulsa Race War, or the Greenwood Riot – was one of the nation's worst acts of racial violence and large-scale civil disorder. From May 31 to June 1, 1921 during 16 hours of rioting by whites, more than 39 people were officially reported killed (although unofficial reports state that more than 300 African Americans were ...
Although Oklahoma was not yet a state during the Civil War, the Tulsa area saw its share of fighting. The Battle of Chusto-Talasah took place on the north side of Tulsa and several battles and skirmishes took place in nearby counties.
- Oklahoma’s Original Residents
- European Exploration and American Settlement
- Indian Removal Act
- Oklahoma Land Rush and Statehood
- Dust Bowl
- Slavery to The Civil Rights Movement
- Oil and Agriculture
- Interesting Facts
- Sources
Humans arrived in the area now known as Oklahoma an estimated 30,000 years ago and organized into agriculture-based settlements around 2,000 years ago. Historians can trace the Wichita and the Caddo back 2,000 years, and the Osage and Apachean-speaking people were likely in the area before Europeans arrived. By the time Spanish explorers came to Ok...
A number of Spanish explorers living in Mexico first came to Oklahoma in the 1500s in search of the fabled seven golden cities. In 1539, Hernando de Soto traveled through Florida into Arkansas and potentially the eastern edge of Oklahoma searching for gold. Francisco Vásquez de Coronadojourneyed from New Mexico through Texas and Oklahoma in 1541 be...
Throughout the early 1800s, state governments had already begun to sign treaties that forced various Native American tribes to give up their homelands. On May 28, 1830, President Andrew Jackson centralized and sped up the process by signing the Indian Removal Act. The act enabled the president to negotiate removal treaties with Native American trib...
Toward the end of the 19th century, a growing number of white farmers and cattle ranchers moved into Oklahoma, driven by the concept of “Manifest Destiny.” The Homestead Act, which promised private citizens up to 160 acres of unassigned public lands, was applied in Oklahoma starting in 1889. Around the same time, the Curtis Act of 1898 weakened and...
As more settlers moved into Oklahoma and other parts of the southwestern Great Plains region, the many farmlands and cattle ranches they established destroyed native prairie grasses. When a massive drought hit Oklahoma in 1930, strong winds whisked up the arid, over-farmed and over-grazed land, darkening the skies with dust and rendering much of th...
In the late 18th century, the Five Civilized Tribes throughout the United States welcomed hundreds of escaped slaves into their ranks as free people. Some Native Americans also purchased slaves, who accompanied them in the fields. When these tribes were forced to move to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) in the 1830s, they brought their slaves. At the ou...
As early as 1830, oil prospectors discovered Oklahoma’s many oil springs, which at the time they considered to be medicinal. Oil drilling began in the 1870s, and the early 20th century saw many new oil discoveries. Between 1900 to 1935, Oklahoma produced more oil than any other mid-continent state. Although oil production dropped precipitously in t...
During the course of the day on June 8, 1974, Oklahoma City was struck by five different tornadoes. Between 1890 and 2011, the city, which is located near the heart of “tornado alley,” was hit by a...Oklahoma’s state capitol building is the only capital with an oil well directly underneath it. In 1941, the “Petunia Number One” well was slant drilled through a flowerbed to reach the oil pool, wh...Oklahoma is a Choctaw Indian word that means “red people.” It is derived from the words for people (okla) and red (humma).Oklahoma Historical Society, Prehistoric Native Peoples. Oklahoma Historical Society, American Indians. National Archives, President Andrew Jackson's Message to Congress 'On Indian Removal' (1830). Oklahoma Historical Society, Removal of Tribal Nations to Oklahoma. National Archives, Background on the Dawes Commission. Oklahoma Historical Society, ...
(As part of our centennial coverage of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre, ... During the Civil War, the Five Tribes sided with the Confederacy, but after the war most of the tribes, bound by new ...
- Victor Luckerson
Union forces defeat the Confederates at Honey Springs, the most important battle fought in Oklahoma during the Civil War. 1865. ate Indians surrender to Union forces more than two months after Appomatox; United States officials hold a council with the Indians and lay down terms for the resumption of treaty relations. 1866
The Union Soldiers' Home in Oklahoma City(20574.10, Grand Army of the Republic Collection, OHS). CIVIL WAR ERA. For the Five Tribes the Civil War proved a disastrous experience. The Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Seminole, and Creek had only begun to repair the damage done by intratribal factionalism before and during Indian Removal (1830–39 ...
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6 days ago · American Civil War, four-year war (1861–65) between the United States and 11 Southern states that seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America. Prelude to war How a tax increase helped spark the American Civil War In 1828 the U.S. Congress passed a tariff that increased the rates on imports into the United States to as much as 50 percent.
