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  1. Amid accusations of use of excessive force, Ben Ali dismissed the minister of the interior, Rafik Belhaj Kacem, and vowed to establish an investigative committee to examine the government’s response to the crisis.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  2. Jan 14, 2021 · It was well known that Ben Ali’s ruling party, the Democratic Constitutional Rally (RCD), placed “mock” student activists inside universities to act as informants.

    • Samia Fitouri
  3. Jan 14, 2022 · The BBC has obtained extraordinary recordings believed to be of phone calls made by Tunisian ex president Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali as he flew out of the country in 2011.

    • Emir Nader
  4. The outcry over the elections proved to be a major cause of the revolution which forced Ben Ali to resign and flee into exile. [ 9 ] In response to the RCD's attempt to suppress the protests, the Socialist International expelled the RCD on 17 January 2011three days after Ben Ali fled the country. [ 10 ]

  5. Democratic Constitutional Rally (RCD), Tunisian political party that led Tunisia from independence (1956) until 2011. After coming into power under Habib Bourguiba, it consolidated its hold on all levels of Tunisian society. The party was dissolved after President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali was deposed by protests.

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  6. In 1988, he changed the name of the ruling Destourian Socialist Party to the Democratic Constitutional Rally (RCD), and pushed through constitutional amendments that limited the president to three five-year terms, with no more than two in a row. Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and Carlos Menem in 1997.

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  8. 3 days ago · In January 2011 Ben Ali was forced out of power by a popular uprising that came to be known as the Jasmine Revolution. The demonstrations, and Ben Ali’s ouster, inspired a series of uprisings known as the Arab Spring, especially in Egypt, Yemen, Libya, and Syria.

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