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The log() CSS function is an exponential function that returns the logarithm of a number. Logarithm is the inverse of exponentiation. It is the number that a fixed base has to be raised to in order to yield the number passed as the first parameter.
- Using CSS math functions
CSS math functions allow a property value - such as the...
- Using CSS math functions
CSS functions are used as a value for various CSS properties. Function. Description. attr () Returns the value of an attribute of the selected element. calc () Allows you to perform calculations to determine CSS property values. conic-gradient () Creates a conic gradient.
May 4, 2020 · Basics of CSS Functions. Unlike other programming languages, we cannot create our own functions in CSS, per se. That kind of logic is reserved for CSS selectors, which allow you to create powerful conditional styling rules .
The log() CSS function is an exponential function that returns the logarithm of a number. The logarithm, or log, is the inverse of exponentiation; it is the number that a fixed base has to be raised to in order to yield the number passed as the first parameter.
- Overview
- calc(): Basic math operations
- min(): Finding the minimum value in a set
- max(): Finding the maximum value in a set
- clamp(): Constraining a value between two values
- Advanced CSS Math Functions
- Final thoughts
CSS math functions allow a property value - such as the height, animation-duration, or font-size of an element - to be written as a mathematical expression.
Without using any math, the built-in CSS units like rem, vw, and % are often flexible enough to style HTML elements to achieve a particular user experience.
However, there are cases where we might feel limited by expressing an element's style using a single value and unit. Consider the following examples:
1.We want to set the height of a content area to be "the height of the viewport minus the height of a navbar."
2.We want to add the width of two elements together to define the width of a third element.
3.We want to prevent a variable font-size of some text from growing beyond a certain size.
In the first two of our three examples above, we want to set the style of an element according to the result of an addition or subtraction operation. This is exactly one of the use cases for calc().
The calc() function lets you specify CSS property values using addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. It is often used to combine two CSS values that have different units, such as % and px.
There are cases where we don't want the value of a CSS property to exceed a certain number. Say, for example, we want the width of our content container to be the smaller of "the full width of our screen" and "500 pixels." In those cases, we can use the CSS math function min().
The min() math function takes a set of comma-separated values as arguments and returns the smallest of those values, e.g.:
Similar to min(), sometimes we don't want the value of a CSS property to go below a certain number. For example, we might want the width of our content container to be the larger of "the full width of our screen" and "500 pixels." In those cases, we can use the CSS math function max().
The max() math function takes a set of comma-separated values as arguments and returns the largest of those values, e.g.:
This function is often used to compare two CSS values that have different units, such as % and px.
Notice the similarities and differences between the examples for min() and max().
We can combine the functions of min() and max() by using clamp(). The clamp() math function takes a minimum value, the value to be clamped, and the maximum value as arguments, e.g.:
•If the value to be clamped is less than the passed minimum value, the function will return the minimum value.
•If the value to be clamped is greater than the passed maximum value, the function will return the maximum value.
•If the value to be clamped is between the passed minimum and maximum values, the function will return the original value to be clamped.
When laying out and styling DOM elements, the four basic math functions calc(), min(), max(), and clamp() are often sufficient. However, for advanced uses like mathematics learning materials, 3D visualizations, or CSS animations, you may consider using:
•Stepped value functions
•round(): calculates a value given a rounding strategy
•mod(): calculates the remainder of a division operation with the same sign as the divisor
•rem(): calculates the remainder of a division operation with the same sign as the dividend
•Trigonometric functions
•You can use CSS math functions to create responsive user interfaces without writing any JavaScript code.
•CSS math functions can sometimes be used instead of CSS media queries to define layout breakpoints.
The CSS math functions allow mathematical expressions to be used as property values. Here, we will explain the calc(), . max() and min() functions. The calc () Function. The calc() function performs a calculation to be used as the property value. CSS Syntax. calc ( expression) Let us look at an example: Example.
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This ultimate and updated reference tutorial contains a complete list of CSS functions that we can manipulate while defining properties in CSS language declarations. This comprehensive function guide covers everything from basic to advanced functions used in CSS and CSS3 language .
