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The canton of Bern, or Berne (German: Kanton Bern; French: canton de Berne; Romansh: Chantun Berna; Italian: Canton Berna), is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. Its capital city, Bern , is also the de facto capital of Switzerland.
Bern lies on the Swiss plateau in the canton of Bern, slightly west of the centre of Switzerland and 20 km (12 mi) north of the Bernese Alps. The countryside around Bern was formed by glaciers during the most recent ice age.
- Name
- Early History
- Medieval Foundation of Bern
- Old Swiss Confederacy
- Modern History
- See Also
- References
- Further Reading
The etymology of the name Bern is uncertain. Local legend has it that Berchtold V, Duke of Zähringen, the founder of the City of Bern, vowed to name the city after the first animal he met on the hunt; as this turned out to be a bear, the city had both its name and its heraldic beast. However, the connection between Bern and Bär (bear) is a folk ety...
The earliest evidence of human settlements in the Aare valley dates back to the Neolithic period. However, the earliest known settlement in the area of the city of Bern was on the Engehalbinsel to the north of the later city. This late La Tène culture settlement was founded around 300 to 200 BCE and fortified in the 2nd century BCE. It is thought t...
The history of the city of Bern proper begins when Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen founded the city in the late 12th century - 1191 being the official date. At that time, much of today's western Switzerland (then considered part of southern Burgundy) was under the authority of the house of Zähringen. The Zähringer leaders, although with no actual duc...
In 1293, king Adolf of Germany confirmed all privileges which Berne had acquired during the interregnum of 1291–1293. While these privileges were still granted by a king and did not amount to imperial immediacy de jure, the city after 1300 acted confidently as an imperial city, pursuing a policy of sovereign territorial expansion. In 1323 Bern ente...
Bern was occupied by French troops in 1798 during the French Revolutionary Wars, when it was stripped of parts of its territories. The Bernese Oberland was stripped away to become the Canton of Oberland. Within the new canton, historic borders and traditional rights were not considered. As there had been no previous separatist feeling amongst the c...
Literature
1. See in general: Bern (municipality) in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland. 2. Peter Meyer (ed.), Berner — deine Geschichte}, Büchler Verlag, Bern 1981, ISBN 3-7170-0185-X 3. Rainer C. Schwinges (ed.), Berns mutige Zeit: Das 13. und 14. Jahrhundert neu entdeckt, Bern, Schulverlag blmv AG und Stämpfli Verlag AG, Bern 2003
"Berne", Switzerland, Together with Chamonix and the Italian Lakes (26th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1922, OCLC 4248970, OL 23344482MBrief Portrait. Canton Bern is one of 26 cantons (member states) in Switzerland. Bern is the canton with the second largest population. Characteristic of Canton Bern is its bridge function between the German and French speaking parts of the country.
The canton comprises the districts acquired by the city of Bern, the cantonal capital, between the 14th and the 16th century. From 1803 to 1814 the canton of Bern was one of the six directorial cantons of the Swiss Confederation.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Municipalities in the canton of Bern. There are 335 municipalities in the canton of Bern, Switzerland (as of January 2024).
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The Republic and Canton of Jura(officially in French: République et Canton du Jura[4]), less formally the Canton of Juraor Canton Jura(/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə, French:[ʒyʁa]ⓘ),[needs Arpitan IPA]is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capitalis Delémont.
