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Lebanese-Saudi businessman and politician
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- Saad El-Din Rafik Al-Hariri (Arabic: سعد الدين رفيق الحريري, romanized: Saʿd ad-Dīn Rafīq al-Ḥarīrī pronunciation ⓘ; born 18 April 1970) is a Lebanese-Saudi businessman and politician who served as the prime minister of Lebanon from 2009 to 2011 and 2016 to 2020.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saad_Hariri
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Saad El-Din Rafik Al-Hariri (Arabic: سعد الدين رفيق الحريري, romanized: Saʿd ad-Dīn Rafīq al-Ḥarīrī pronunciation ⓘ; born 18 April 1970) is a Lebanese-Saudi businessman and politician who served as the prime minister of Lebanon from 2009 to 2011 and 2016 to 2020.
- Overview
- Education and early career
- Premiership
Saad al-Hariri, (born April 18, 1970, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), Saudi-born Lebanese businessman and prime minister of Lebanon (2009–11; 2016–20). The son of former Lebanese prime minister Rafic al-Hariri, Saad entered politics following his father’s assassination in February 2005.
Hariri received his elementary education at the school of Frères Maristes in Rmaïla (Al-Rumaylah; near Sidon), Lebanon, and completed his secondary education in France and Saudi Arabia. After receiving a degree in international business from Georgetown University (1992), Washington, D.C., Hariri worked at Saudi Oger, a large Saudi Arabia-based firm owned by his father, where he oversaw construction work and served as a maintenance contractor for the Saudi royal palaces. After he gained the position of general manager at age 26, Hariri also worked to extend the business into the telecommunications sector and helped to orchestrate Saudi Oger’s acquisition of Türk Telekom. (The deal, completed in 2006, was at that time the largest private business deal in Turkey’s history.)
After his father’s assassination on February 14, 2005, in a Beirut car bombing, Hariri was selected by his family to follow in his father’s political footsteps. Although initially hesitant to enter the realm of politics, Hariri soon took charge of his father’s political party, the Future Movement (Tayyār al-Mustaqbal). A powerful Sunni bloc, the Future Movement was the largest contingent within the March 14 coalition (named to commemorate the day in 2005 when massive anti-Syrian protests took place in Beirut), which opposed Syrian influence in Lebanon’s affairs. Although the coalition won a clear majority in the 2005 parliamentary elections, Hariri did not consider himself politically mature enough to serve as prime minister; instead, he supported Fouad Siniora, a former finance minister and close ally of his father, for the position.
In elections in June 2009, Hariri again led the March 14 coalition to victory. Shortly thereafter he was named prime minister and was asked by Pres. Michel Suleiman to take on the complex task of forming a new government. In September, after weeks of unsuccessful negotiations with the opposition, Hariri announced that he would abandon his attempts to form a unity government and would step down as prime minister-designate. The following week, however, President Suleiman once more designated Hariri prime minister and asked that he try again to form the government. Hariri continued his efforts, and in early November he announced that a unity government had been successfully formed.
Factional tension remained high within the unity government as members of Hariri’s March 14 coalition engaged in a power struggle with Hezbollah, a Shiʿi political party and militant group, and its allies over Lebanon’s cooperation with the international tribunal investigating the assassination of Rafic al-Hariri. In January 2011 a group of 11 ministers from Hezbollah and allied parties forced the collapse of the unity government by withdrawing from their posts. Following the collapse of his government, Hariri remained in office for several months as a caretaker prime minister while Najib Mikati, who was nominated to serve as prime minister by a majority in parliament, began forming a new cabinet. Mikati, a businessman and former prime minister, was supported by Hezbollah, and Hariri ruled out participation in Mikati’s administration, vowing not to be a part of any government dominated by Hezbollah. When Mikati’s government was announced in June 2011, more than half of the posts were filled by Hezbollah allies, and no March 14 ministers were included.
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Hariri was again named prime minister in 2016, as part of a deal that ended 29 months of political stalemate. The deal included Hariri’s support for the election of Michel Aoun as president; Aoun was a member of the March 8 bloc, which consisted of Hezbollah and its allies. Hariri was named prime minister shortly after Aoun’s election.
The deal and the political stability of Lebanon were threatened in November 2017 when Hariri unexpectedly resigned as prime minister while on a visit to Saudi Arabia. Lebanese officials found the circumstances behind the resignation to be suspicious and believed him to have resigned under duress. President Aoun refused to accept his resignation and demanded that Hariri return to Lebanon to discuss the matter. Hariri was allowed to return to Lebanon several weeks later, where he immediately suspended his resignation. He officially rescinded his resignation two weeks later but gave few details about what had happened in Saudi Arabia.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Rafic Hariri was succeeded by his son Saad Hariri as leader of the Future Party.
Saad al-Hariri, Rafic al-Hariri’s son, was thrust to the leadership of his father’s political bloc after his father’s death and carried on the political legacy. He became prime minister in June 2009 and remained in the post until June 2011.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Oct 3, 2024 · After his death, his sons inherited stakes in Saudi Oger and Ayman, Fahd and Bahaa sold them to their brother Saad, Rafik’s second son and Lebanon’s current Prime Minister. Saad Hariri was appointed Prime Minister in December 2016. He had also occupied this position from November 2009 to June 2011.
Dec 19, 2009 · Lebanese Prime Minister Saad al-Hariri visits Damascus on Saturday and holds talks with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad which are expected to put an end to nearly five years of animosity...
Nov 12, 2017 · Sources close to Hariri say Saudi Arabia has concluded that the prime minister - a long-time Saudi ally and son of late prime minister Rafik al-Hariri, who was assassinated in 2005 - had to...
