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  2. Light waves may change direction at the boundary between two transparent materials. Refraction. is the change in direction of a wave at such a boundary. It is important to be able to draw. ray...

    • Test

      Learn about and revise reflection, including specular and...

  3. Different materials have different densities. Light waves may change direction at the boundary between two transparent materials.

  4. Different materials have different densities. Light waves may change direction at the boundary between two transparent materials.

  5. Angle of Refraction. Snell's Law. Ray Tracing and Problem-Solving. Determination of n Values. Refraction is the bending of the path of a light wave as it passes across the boundary separating two media. Refraction is caused by the change in speed experienced by a wave when it changes medium.

    • Change of Speed Causes Change of Direction
    • Lenses
    • Refraction Can Create A Spectrum
    • Rainbows

    Light refracts whenever it travels at an angle into a substance with a different refractive index (optical density4). This change of direction is caused by a change in speed. For example, when light travels from air into water, it slows down, causing it to continue to travel at a different angle or direction. How much does light bend? The amount of...

    A lens5 is simply a curved block of glass or plastic6. There are two kinds of lens. A biconvex7lens is thicker at the middle than it is at the edges. This is the kind of lens used for a magnifying glass. Parallel rays of light can be focused in to a focal point. A biconvex lens is called a converging lens. A biconcave lens curves is thinner at the ...

    Isaac Newton performed a famous experiment using a triangular block of glass called a prism. He used sunlight shining in through his window to create a spectrum of colours on the opposite side of his room. This experiment showed that white light is actually made of all the colours of the rainbow8. These seven colours are remembered by the acronym R...

    A rainbow is caused because each colour refracts at slightly different angles as it enters, reflects off the inside and then leaves each tiny drop of rain. A rainbow is easy to create using a spray bottle and the sunshine. The centre of the circle of the rainbow will always be the shadow11of your head on the ground. The secondary rainbow that can s...

  6. Oct 21, 2024 · When light traveling in one transparent medium encounters a boundary with a second transparent medium (e.g., air and glass), a portion of the light is reflected and a portion is transmitted into the second medium.

  7. When a light ray encounters a surface, one or more of the following three things occur, the light ray: Reflects off the surface and travels off in a different direction. Passes from one medium into the other and continue on a new, straight line path.