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  1. James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC (9 April 1649 – 15 July 1685) was a Dutch-born English nobleman and military officer. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy , he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands , the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England with his mistress Lucy Walter .

  2. Rye House Plot. James Scott, duke of Monmouth (born April 9, 1649, Rotterdam, Netherlands—died July 15, 1685, London, England) was a claimant to the English throne who led an unsuccessful rebellion against King James II in 1685. Although the strikingly handsome Monmouth had the outward bearing of an ideal monarch, he lacked the intelligence ...

    • The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
  3. Learn how James Scott, the illegitimate son of King Charles II, was beheaded by Jack Ketch in 1685 for rebelling against his uncle James II. Read the gruesome details of the botched execution and the reactions of the crowd and the executioner.

  4. The Monmouth Rebellion, also known as the Pitchfork Rebellion, the Revolt of the West or the West Country rebellion, was an attempt to depose James II, who in February 1685 succeeded his brother Charles II as king of England, Scotland and Ireland. A group of dissident Protestants led by James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, eldest illegitimate son ...

    • May-July 1685
    • Government victory
  5. Learn about the illegitimate son of King Charles II, who claimed the throne in the Monmouth Rebellion of 1685. Find out his early life, military career, marriages, and fate after his defeat by James II.

  6. Learn about the illegitimate son of Charles II who rebelled against his Catholic uncle James II in 1685. Find out his life story, military career, and tragic end.

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  8. By the spring of 1663, James was married to a wealthy Scottish heiress and created Duke of Monmouth, among other honours and titles. After 1665, Monmouth enjoyed a prominent military career, serving in the navy under his Catholic uncle James, Duke of York (1633-1701) , and, in 1672, commanding the army that assisted Louis XIV (1638-1715) against the Dutch.