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Byzantium (/ b ɪ ˈ z æ n t i ə m,-ʃ ə m /) or Byzantion (Ancient Greek: Βυζάντιον) was an ancient Thracian settlement and later a Greek city in classical antiquity that became known as Constantinople in late antiquity which is known as Istanbul today.
During most of its existence, the empire remained the most powerful economic, cultural, and military force in the Mediterranean world. The term "Byzantine Empire" was only coined following the empire's demise; its citizens referred to the polity as the "Roman Empire" and to themselves as "Romans".
May 6, 2024 · The name refers to Byzantium, an ancient Greek colony and transit point that became the location of the Byzantine Empire’s capital city, Constantinople. Inhabitants of the Byzantine Empire would have self-identified as Romaioi, or Romans.
Empress Theodora, detail of a wall mosaic, 6th century; in the Church of San Vitale, Ravenna, Italy.- Heraclius, gold coin; in the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C.
- Justinian II, gold solidus, 7th–8th century; in the British Museum.
- Transfiguration of Christ, mosaic icon, early 13th century; in the Louvre, Paris.
- Leo III, gold solidus, 8th century; in the British Museum.
- Byzantium. The term “Byzantine” derives from Byzantium, an ancient Greek colony founded by a man named Byzas. Located on the European side of the Bosporus (the strait linking the Black Sea to the Mediterranean), the site of Byzantium was ideally located to serve as a transit and trade point between Europe and Asia.
- Byzantine Empire Flourishes. The eastern half of the Roman Empire proved less vulnerable to external attack, thanks in part to its geographic location.
- Eastern Roman Empire. As a result of these advantages, the Eastern Roman Empire, variously known as the Byzantine Empire or Byzantium, was able to survive for centuries after the fall of Rome.
- Justinian I. Justinian I, who took power in 527 and would rule until his death in 565, was the first great ruler of the Byzantine Empire. During the years of his reign, the empire included most of the land surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, as Justinian’s armies conquered part of the former Western Roman Empire, including North Africa.
Feb 21, 2013 · The ancient city of Byzantium was founded by Greek colonists from Megara around 657 BCE. According to the historian Tacitus, it was built on the European side of the Strait of Bosporus on the order of the “god of Delphi” who said to build “opposite the land of the blind”.
- Donald L. Wasson
Byzantine Empire, Empire, southeastern and southern Europe and western Asia. It began as the city of Byzantium, which had grown from an ancient Greek colony founded on the European side of the Bosporus. The city was taken in 330 ce by Constantine I, who refounded it as Constantinople.
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The Byzantine Empire 's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD. From the 3rd to 6th centuries, the Greek East and Latin West of the Roman Empire gradually diverged, marked by Diocletian 's (r. 284–305) formal partition of its administration in 285, [1] the establishment of an eastern ...
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