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Lydia was an ancient kingdom in western Anatolia during the first millennium BC. It may have originated as a country in the second millennium BC and was possibly called Maeonia at one time, given that Herodotus says the people were called Maeonians before they became known as Lydians.
The Lydians (Greek: Λυδοί; known as Sparda to the Achaemenids, Old Persian cuneiform 𐎿𐎱𐎼𐎭) were an Anatolian people living in Lydia, a region in western Anatolia, who spoke the distinctive Lydian language, an Indo-European language of the Anatolian group.
Lydia expands in his reign to form an empire that covers all of western Anatolia and includes Paphlagonia. The end of the war signals the start of closer ties between the two kingdoms. Alyattes II of Lydia gives his daughter in marriage to Astyages, son of Cyaxares. 560 - 547 BC.
According to Acts 16:14, Lydia was born in Thyatira, a city in southern Asia Minor (modern day Turkey). Thyatira was situated along a major Roman trade route that linked Africa and Europe. It had a strong military presence and was probably a place of diverse ethnicities.
The Lydian kings, in chronological order, were: Gyges – 680 – 652 BC; Ardys – 652 – 625 BC; Sadyattes – 625 – 610 BC; Alyattes – 610 – 575 BC; Croesus – 575 – 546 BC; The Lydian people were pretty friendly with the Greek cities along the coast of Asia Minor. That friendship started from the time of Gyges and went on.
Lydia dominated western Asia Minor in the first half of the sixth century bc, closely interacting with its various Near Eastern and Greek neighbors, until the defeat of its final king Croesus at the hands of Cyrus II of Persia.
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They were parents of: Cyrus II the Great, 598-529 BC, Great King of Persia and King of Babylon, who married Cassandrane daughter of Pharnaspes and had children Cambyses II (d. 522, Great King of Persia) and: Atossa.
