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- Dictionaryancient history
noun
- 1. the history of the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean area and the Near East up to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in ad 476.
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Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the development of Sumerian cuneiform script.
From the death cults of Egypt to the fearsome yet sophisticated society of the Vikings, the ancient world was a surprising and challenging place. Explore the in-depth sections below.
- Meaning of "History"
- Hieroglyphs
- Archaeology & Prehistory
- Archaeology & Ancient History
- Different Cultures, Different timelines
- Ancient, Modern, and The Middle Ages
- The Ancient World Evolves Into The Middle Ages
- The Middle Ages
- The Last Roman
- End of Roman Empire in A.D. 476 Gibbon's Date
The word "history" may seem obvious, referring to anything in the past, but there are some nuances to keep in mind. Pre-history: Like most abstract terms, pre-history means different things to different people. For some, it means the time before civilization. But this does not get at an essential difference between pre-history and ancient history. ...
People can devote their entire lives to serving their god(s) or their god(s) in human form. The Egyptian pharaoh was the reincarnation of the god Horus, and the term we use for their picture writing, hieroglyphs, means holy writing (lit.'carving'). Kings also employed scribes to record their deeds, especially ones that redounded to their glory—like...
Those people (and plants and animals) who lived before the invention of writing are, by this definition, prehistoric. 1. Prehistory goes back to the beginning of life or time or the Earth. 2. The area of pre-history is the domain of academic fields with the Greek form arche- 'beginning' or paleo-'old' attached. Thus, there are fields like archaeolo...
Classicist Paul MacKendrick published "The Mute Stones Speak" (a history of the Italian peninsula) in 1960. In this and its follow-up two years later, "The Greek Stones Speak" (archaeological excavations of Troy conducted by Heinrich Schliemann, provide a basis for his history of the Hellenic world), he used the non-written findings of archaeologis...
The dividing line between pre-history and ancient history also varies across the globe. The ancient historic period of Egypt and Sumer started about 3100 B.C.E.; perhaps a couple of hundred years later writing began in the Indus Valley. Somewhat later (c. 1650 B.C.E.) were the Minoans whose Linear A has not yet been deciphered. Earlier, in 2200, th...
Generally, ancient history refers to the study of life and events in the distant past. How distant is determined by convention.
One way to define ancient historyis to explain the opposite of ancient (history). The obvious opposite of "ancient" is "modern", but ancient didn't become modern overnight. It didn't even turn into the Middle Ages overnight. The Ancient World Makes a Transition in Late Antiquity One of the transitional labels for a time period that crosses over fro...
Late Antiquity overlaps the period known as the Middle Ages or Medieval (from Latin medi(um) 'middle' + aev(um)'age') period. 1. The Middle Ages were a period of great change, bringing Europe from the Classical age to the Renaissance. 2. As a transitional period, there is not a single, clear breaking point with the ancient world. 3. Christianity is...
In terms of labels affixed to people of Late Antiquity, 6th-century figures Boethius and Justinianare two of the "last of the Romans." 1. Boethius (c. 475-524) is called the last of the Roman philosophers, writing a treatise in Latin, De consolatione philosophiae 'On the Consolation of Philosophy,' and translating Aristotle on logic, with the resul...
Another date for the end of the period of ancient history -- with a substantial following -- is a century earlier. Historian Edward Gibbon established A.D. 476 as the end point of the Roman Empire because it was the end of the reign of the last western Roman emperor. It was in 476 that a so-called barbarian, the Germanic Odoacer sacked Rome, deposi...
What Is Ancient History? Ian Morris, the Willard Professor of Classics, Stanford University, is interested in understanding why the west has dominated the earth for the last few centuries.
- 56 min
- 26K
- Yale University
The Ancient World. The modern world may look very different from the world that existed in the time of ancient civilizations, but our modern-day life continues to show the influence of cultures, traditions, ideas, and innovations from hundreds of years ago. Learn more about important historical civilizations, sites, people, and events.
Classical antiquity, historical period spanning from the output of ancient Greek author Homer in the 8th century bce to the decline of the Roman Empire in the 5th century ce. It encompassed Greco-Roman culture, which played a major role in the Mediterranean sphere of influence and in the creation.
The Roman Empire and Qing Dynasty are now only ruins, but there's far more to discover about the ancient world. Explore classical history, mythology, language, and literature, and learn more about the many fascinating figures of the ancient world.
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