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He is credited with discovering the element thallium, announced in 1861, with the help of spectroscopy. He was also the first to describe the spectrum of terrestrial helium, in 1865. Crookes was the inventor of the Crookes radiometer but did not discern the true explanation of the phenomenon he detected.
Sir William Crookes (born June 17, 1832, London, Eng.—died April 4, 1919, London) was a British chemist and physicist noted for his discovery of the element thallium and for his cathode-ray studies, fundamental in the development of atomic physics.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) [1] is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes [2] and others around 1869–1875, [3] in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered.
In 1861, when reexamining the residues he had saved from his early study of selenocyanides, Crookes discovered the element thallium through spectroscopic methods. He chose the name of the element based on its bright green emission line, the Greek word thallos referring to "a young, green shoot" or "twig."
Jun 8, 2018 · The English chemist and physicist Sir William Crookes (1832-1919) discovered the element thallium and invented the radiometer, the spinthariscope, and the Crookes tube. William Crookes was born in London on June 17, 1832.
Sir William Crookes, O.M., F.R.S., born in London on 17 June 1832 is most noted for his discovery of thallium and his research in cathode rays. His scientific career began in 1848 at the age of fifteen when he entered the Royal College of Chemistry, London, under A.W. von Hofmann.
British chemist and physicist, who in 1861 used spectroscopy to discover thallium and in 1875 invented the radiometer. He also developed an improved vacuum tube (Crookes' tube) for studying gas discharges. Crookes was also involved in industrial chemistry and realised the importance of nitrogen fixation for fertilizers.
