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- Overview
- Try it
- Supported image formats
- Image loading errors
- Attributes
- Styling with CSS
- Examples
- Security and privacy concerns
- Accessibility concerns
The HTML element embeds an image into the document.
The above example shows usage of the element:
•The src attribute is required, and contains the path to the image you want to embed.
•The alt attribute holds a textual replacement for the image, which is mandatory and incredibly useful for accessibility — screen readers read the attribute value out to their users so they know what the image means. Alt text is also displayed on the page if the image can't be loaded for some reason: for example, network errors, content blocking, or linkrot.
There are many other attributes to achieve various purposes:
•Referrer/CORS control for security and privacy: see crossorigin and referrerpolicy.
•Use both width and height to set the intrinsic size of the image, allowing it to take up space before it loads, to mitigate content layout shifts.
The HTML standard doesn't list what image formats to support, so user agents may support different formats.
The image file formats that are most commonly used on the web are:
•APNG (Animated Portable Network Graphics) — Good choice for lossless animation sequences (GIF is less performant)
•AVIF (AV1 Image File Format) — Good choice for both images and animated images due to high performance.
•GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) — Good choice for simple images and animations.
•JPEG (Joint Photographic Expert Group image) — Good choice for lossy compression of still images (currently the most popular).
If an error occurs while loading or rendering an image, and an onerror event handler has been set for the error event, that event handler will get called. This can happen in several situations, including:
•The src attribute is empty ("") or null.
•The src URL is the same as the URL of the page the user is currently on.
•The image is corrupted in some way that prevents it from being loaded.
•The image's metadata is corrupted in such a way that it's impossible to retrieve its dimensions, and no dimensions were specified in the element's attributes.
•The image is in a format not supported by the user agent.
This element includes the global attributes.
alt
Defines text that can replace the image in the page.
Note: Browsers do not always display images. There are a number of situations in which a browser might not display images, such as:
Setting this attribute to an empty string (alt="") indicates that this image is not a key part of the content (it's decoration or a tracking pixel), and that non-visual browsers may omit it from rendering. Visual browsers will also hide the broken image icon if the alt attribute is empty and the image failed to display.
This attribute is also used when copying and pasting the image to text, or saving a linked image to a bookmark.
is a replaced element; it has a display value of inline by default, but its default dimensions are defined by the embedded image's intrinsic values, like it were inline-block. You can set properties like border/border-radius, padding/margin, width, height, etc. on an image.
has no baseline, so when images are used in an inline formatting context with vertical-align: baseline, the bottom of the image will be placed on the text baseline.
You can use the object-position property to position the image within the element's box, and the object-fit property to adjust the sizing of the image within the box (for example, whether the image should fit the box or fill it even if clipping is required).
Depending on its type, an image may have an intrinsic width and height. For some image types, however, intrinsic dimensions are unnecessary. SVG images, for instance, have no intrinsic dimensions if their root element doesn't have a width or height set on it.
Alternative text
The following example embeds an image into the page and includes alternative text for accessibility.
Image link
This example builds upon the previous one, showing how to turn the image into a link. To do so, nest the tag inside the . You should make the alternative text describe the resource the link is pointing to, as if you were using a text link instead.
Using the srcset attribute
In this example we include a srcset attribute with a reference to a high-resolution version of the logo; this will be loaded instead of the src image on high-resolution devices. The image referenced in the src attribute is counted as a 1x candidate in user agents that support srcset.
Although elements have innocent uses, they can have undesirable consequences for user security and privacy. See Referer header: privacy and security concerns for more information and mitigations.
Authoring meaningful alternate descriptions
An alt attribute's value should provide a clear and concise text replacement for the image's content. It should not describe the presence of the image itself or the file name of the image. If the alt attribute is purposefully left off because the image has no textual equivalent, consider alternate methods to present what the image is trying to communicate.
Identifying SVG as an image
Due to a VoiceOver bug, VoiceOver does not correctly announce SVG images as images. Include role="img" to all elements with SVG source files to ensure assistive technologies correctly announce the SVG as image content.
The title attribute
The title attribute is not an acceptable substitute for the alt attribute. Additionally, avoid duplicating the alt attribute's value in a title attribute declared on the same image. Doing so may cause some screen readers to announce the same text twice, creating a confusing experience. The title attribute should also not be used as supplemental captioning information to accompany an image's alt description. If an image needs a caption, use the figure and figcaption elements. The value of the title attribute is usually presented to the user as a tooltip, which appears shortly after the cursor stops moving over the image. While this can provide additional information to the user, you should not assume that the user will ever see it: the user may only have keyboard or touchscreen. If you have information that's particularly important or valuable for the user, present it inline using one of the methods mentioned above instead of using title. •Using the HTML title attribute – updated | The Paciello Group
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Jun 14, 2024 · Though, such images have no semantic meaning at all. They can't have any text equivalents, are invisible to screen readers, and so on. This is where HTML images shine! Summing up: if an image has meaning, in terms of your content, you should use an HTML image. If an image is purely decoration, you should use CSS background images.
The data:image/[type];base64,[base64-string] format can be used as the value of the src attribute of an img tag to display an image directly from the HTML code, without having to load it from an external file. Here's an example of how to use this format to display an image in an img tag:
Was intended to prevent users from downloading an image. Was never a part of the HTML specification, and not widely implemented. naturalsizeflag: This attribute does nothing. It was once used by a proprietary software system. name: Identified the image or provided additional information about it. Deprecated in HTML 4.0 in favor of other ...
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Dec 9, 2010 · Generally authors should avoid using img elements for purposes other than showing images. If an img element is being used for purposes other than showing an image, e.g. as part of a service to count page views, then the alt attribute must be the empty string. In such cases, the width and height attributes should both be set to zero.
