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Etruria. Map showing Etruria and Etruscan colonies as of 750 BC and as expanded until 500 BC. Etruria (/ ɪˈtrʊəriə / ih-TROOR-ee-ə) was a region of Central Italy delimited by the rivers Arno and Tiber, [1] an area that covered what is now most of Tuscany, northern Lazio, and north-western Umbria. It was inhabited by the Etruscans, an ...
The Etruscan civilization (/ ɪˈtrʌskən / ih-TRUS-kən) was an ancient civilization created by the Etruscans, a people who inhabited Etruria in ancient Italy, with a common language and culture who formed a federation of city-states. [2] After conquering adjacent lands, its territory covered, at its greatest extent, roughly what is now ...
- Villanovan Culture
- Etruria
- Historical Overview
- Government & Society
- Etruscan Religion
- Etruscan Architecture
- Etruscan Art
- Etruscan Legacy
The Villanovan culture developed during the Iron Age in central Italy from around 1100 BCE. The name is actually misleading as the culture is, in fact, the Etruscans in their early form. There is no evidence of migration or warfare to suggest the two peoples were different. That the Etruscans were indigenous to Italy has been confirmed by DNA studi...
The Etruscan cities were independent city-states linked to each other only by a common religion, language, and culture in general. Geographically spread from the Tiber River in the south to parts of the Po Valley in the north, the major Etruscan cities included Cerveteri (Cisra), Chiusi (Clevsin), Populonia (Puplona), Tarquinia (Tarchuna), Veii (Ve...
With trade flourishing from the 7th century BCE, the cultural impact of the consequent increase in contact between cultures also became more profound. Craftsmen from Greece and the Levant settled in emporia – semi-independent trading ports that sprang up on the Tyrrhenian coast, most famously at Pyrgri, one of the ports of Cerveteri. Eating habits,...
The early government of the Etruscan cities was based on a monarchy but later developed into rule by an oligarchy who supervised and dominated all public positions and a popular assembly of citizens where these existed. The only evidence of a political connection between cities is an annual meeting of the Etruscan League. This is a body we know nex...
The religion of the Etruscans was polytheistic with gods for all those important places, objects, ideas, and events, which were thought to affect or control everyday life. At the head of the pantheon was Tin, although like most such figures he was probably not thought to concern himself much with mundane human affairs. For that, there were all sort...
The most ambitious architectural projects of the Etruscans were temples built in a sacred precinct where they could make offerings to their gods. Starting with dried mud-brick buildings using wooden poles and thatch roofs the temples, by c. 600 BCE, had gradually evolved into more solid and imposing structures using stone and Tuscan columns (with a...
Without doubt the greatest artistic legacy of the Etruscans is their magnificent tomb wall paintings which give a unique and technicolour glimpse into their lost world. Only 2% of tombs were painted, which indicates only the elite could afford such luxury. The paintings are applied either directly to the stone wall or onto a thin base layer of plas...
The Romans not only grabbed what lands and treasures they could from their neighbours but also stole quite a few ideas from the Etruscans. The Romans adopted the Etruscan practice of divination (itself an adaptation of Near Eastern practices) along with other features of Etruscan religion such as rituals for establishing new towns and dividing terr...
- Mark Cartwright
The study also concluded that the samples analyzed show that the Etruscans kept their genetic profile unchanged for almost 1000 years, indicating the sparse presence in Etruria of foreigners, and that a demographic change in Etruria occurred only from the Roman imperial period, in which there is the intermixture into the local population of ancestral components from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.
283 BCE. Romans defeat the Etruscans and Celts at lake Vadimo. 280 BCE. The Romans conquer the Etruscan cities of Tarquinia, Volsinii and Vulci. 264 BCE. Etruscan Volsinii is sacked by the Romans and its residents relocated to Bolsena. 225 BCE. Celts defeat 6000 Romans at Faesulae and proceed to overrun Etruria.
- Mark Cartwright
- Publishing Director
In the 4 th century, Etruria saw a Gallic invasion end its influence over the Po valley and the Adriatic coast. Meanwhile, Rome had started annexing Etruscan cities. These events led to the loss of the Northern Etruscan provinces. Etruria was conquered by Rome in the 3 rd century BCE.
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May 11, 2018 · The Etruscan civilization was at its height c. 500 bc and was an important influence on the Romans, who subdued the Etruscans by the end of the 3rd century bc. • n. 1. a native of ancient Etruria.2. the language of ancient Etruria, of unknown affinity, written in an alphabet derived from Greek.
