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  2. Oct 21, 1999 · The spins of elementary particles are analogous to the spins of macroscopic bodies. In fact, the spin of a planet is the sum of the spins and the orbital angular momenta of all its...

  3. Elementary particles which are thought of as carrying forces are all bosons with spin 1. They include the photon , which carries the electromagnetic force , the gluon ( strong force ), and the W and Z bosons ( weak force ).

  4. Aug 19, 2012 · All particles have spin. Though it may be zero. At the most basic level, spin tells you how a particle transforms under rotations. For a spin $S$ particle there are $2S+1$ states, which transform into one another when it's rotated (or when the system is rotated around it).

  5. Among the 61 elementary particles embraced by the Standard Model number: electrons and other leptons, quarks, and the fundamental bosons. Subatomic particles such as protons or neutrons, which contain two or more elementary particles, are known as composite particles.

  6. The elementary particles which carry forces in the Standard Model of Particle Physics are bosons, like the photon which carries the electromagnetic force. These bosons do not take up space or constitute solid objects since they can condense into the same location in space.

  7. These particles have a variety of spins, both integral and half-integral, and their masses range from the value of 135 MeV/c2 for the neutral pion π0 to 11 020 MeV/c2 for one of the upsilon (heavy quark) states.

  8. Classifications of Elementary Particles. A large number of subatomic particles exist in nature. These particles can be classified in two ways: the property of spin and participation in the four fundamental forces. Recall that the spin of a particle is analogous to the rotation of a macroscopic object about its own axis.

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