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One of the most successful paraffin lamps was the Duplex burner introduced in 1865 which had two wicks side by side and, like the Argand lamp, a clear glass chimney with air drawn from below. Most lamps also had a larger shade around the chimney often of opaque glass to diffuse the light.
May 23, 2023 · Beyond religious settings, stained glass found its way into Victorian homes and public buildings and was used in front doors, windows and light fittings. Wealthy individuals would commission stained glass painters to embellish their residences, adding a touch of opulence and artistic grandeur.
Nov 28, 2023 · Even the Victorians didn’t always get it right: the Grade II*-listed conservatory at Wentworth Castle, South Yorkshire, began rusting soon after it was assembled, probably in the 1880s by leading manufacturer Crompton & Fawkes of Chelmsford in Essex, complete with electric lighting.
- Lucy Denton
May 30, 2011 · The use of electricity for the purpose of lighting truly began with a British engineer named Frederick Hale Holmes, who in 1846 patented an electric arc lamp and with Michael Faraday pioneered the electrical illumination of lighthouses in the 1850s and 60s.
- Design
- Glazing
- Heating
- Common Problems
- Maintenance
- Recommended Reading
Earlier bespoke designs, which used larger and heavier components and so admitted less sunlight, were rapidly displaced by standard products of much lighter construction. Iron framed buildings and composite wood and iron framed buildings began to be manufactured as new materials and production methods were introduced. Extensive product ranges soon ...
Glazing was generally carried out using 21oz (per sq ft) glass in the roofs and 15oz glass for vertical work (with average thicknesses of approximately 2.8mm and 2mm respectively). ‘Wet glazing’, introduced from Holland in the 1770s, using linseed putty was the norm but some manufacturers preferred ‘dry glazing’. Here the glass was retained either ...
From the early 18th century decomposing dung or bark was used to produce background warmth in hot frames and pit houses. The sunken houses were surrounded by pits to receive the dung, which was periodically renewed. Heating using stoves or other means of burning solid fuels dates back to the 17th century. During the Victorian era, boiler technology...
Timber decay As with any timber construction, and particularly in the warm and damp conditions encountered in glasshouses, the threat of decay was always present. This tended to result from neglect rather than poor design, manufacturers having made every effort to minimise the number of exposed joints and to introduce internal and external weatheri...
Maintaining good drainage and weathering is essential. Care should be taken to ensure that brickwork, copings and lead flashings are kept in good order and that gutters and drainage pipes are running freely. Glass should be kept clean and, as with timber, free from lichen and mould. Putty work should be regularly inspected. Replacement glazing shou...
GF Chadwick, The Works of Sir Joseph Paxton 1803-1865, Architectural Press, London, 1961 J Hix, The Glasshouse, Phaidon, London, 1974 WJ May, Greenhouse Management for Amateurs, L Upcott Gill, London, 1885 M Woods & AS Warren, Glass Houses: A History of Greenhouses, Orangeries and Conservatories, Rizzoli, New York, 1988 English Heritage, Practical ...
Sep 29, 2015 · The Victorians took every opportunity to embellish their chandeliers with decorative scroll arms and frequently adorned them with faceted glass beads, crystal or ornate glass shades.
Jan 29, 2024 · Plate glass enabled expansive glazed surfaces, including the iconic curved bay windows marking many Victorian homes. Stained glass also came into wide use, with colorful windows lending beauty and atmosphere.
