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‘A grand illusion’ is concerned with the nature of illusion. Emotional decision-making, intuition, subliminal perception, and change and inattentional blindness are discussed along with traditional theories with their inner representations.
Is consciousness an illusion? If so, it isn’t that consciousness doesn’t exist, but that it isn’t what it seems. ‘A grand illusion’ considers change and inattentional blindness, challenging the way we think about our visual experiences.
Jun 22, 2002 · If consciousness seems to be a continuous stream of rich and detailed sights, sounds, feelings and thoughts, then I suggest this is the illusion. First we must be...
Jun 22, 2002 · Admitting that it’s all an illusion does not solve the problem of consciousness but changes it completely. Instead of asking how neural impulses turn into conscious experiences, we must ask how the grand illusion gets constructed.
- Chromosomal DNA Before The Identification of Chloroplast DNA Molecules
- The Broken Circles Theory
- The End of The Circle
- The Replication of Chloroplast DNA: A Revised View
- Chromosomes in Chloroplasts Are Complex in Structure and Variable in Size
- The Chloroplast Nucleoid: A Revised View
- Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgments
There is a strong belief that a chromosome from any source should contain no more DNA than one genome equivalent. The first chromosomes to be studied were those in the nucleus of eukaryotes, where cytological and genetic evidence indicated that a gamete, typically being haploid, contains a single genome. Later for bacteria, the small size of chromo...
Kolodner and Tewari (1972)were the first to utilize DNase treatment of chloroplasts before DNA extraction, so that contamination of cpDNA with nuclear DNA was avoided. Their article is probably the most influential paper in cpDNA research. They found that the size of the pea chloroplast genome determined by DNA reassociation kinetics measurements m...
The ends of linear, genome-sized cpDNA molecules could be located either at specific sites within the genome or at random sites, as expected from circles broken during extraction. Deng et al. (1989)concluded that the ends were random because they did not detect any restriction fragment length polymorphism between unfractionated spinach cpDNA and th...
It is remarkable how little is known of even the most basic aspects of cpDNA replication. The current standard model for cpDNA replication is based largely on inferences drawn from electron micrographs of cpDNA produced 30 years ago (Kolodner and Tewari, 1975b). Furthermore, that cpDNA was obtained from nonmeristematic tissues, and it is now known ...
In a eukaryotic cell, the G2 phase of the cell cycle separates the replication of nuclear DNA in the S phase from segregation of the duplicated chromosomes in the M phase. Activities in the G2 phase ensure that only once-replicated and precisely replicated chromosomes are inherited by daughter cells. Such activities are absent in E. coli cells that...
I now apply these rules to reinterpret cytological observations of the chloroplast nucleoid that are puzzling when a circular genome-sized molecule is assumed to represent the chloroplast chromosome. Chlamydomonas is a single-celled alga containing one chloroplast and has served as the principal organism for studying chloroplast inheritance. Vegeta...
There are lessons to be learned about how to interpret data that initially seem at odds with popular thinking. Chief among them is that complex DNA structures should not be dismissed simply because they do not meet our expectations for a chromosomal DNA molecule: simple in form and genomic in size. The complex cpDNA should not have been removed eit...
I thank George Miklos and Delene Oldenburg for critically reading the manuscript and Delene Oldenburg for producing the figures. This work was supported by a grant from the USDA (2002-35301-12021).
- Arnold J. Bendich
- 2004
Dec 1, 2001 · The act of 'seeing' seems so effortless that it is difficult to appreciate the vastly sophisticated — and poorly understood — machinery that underlies the process. Illusions, often, are those...
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Aug 12, 2004 · 1. AN OVERVIEW OF THE GRAND ILLUSION HYPOTHESIS 1.1 INTRODUCTION The Grand Illusion is an illusion of which the layperson with normal vision (let us call her the Ordinary Perceiver) purportedly suffers. As characterized by Alva Noë, the Grand Illusion is a new kind of skepticism regarding how our visual experience seems to us.
