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Initiation of chemical reactions by mechanical phenomena
- Mechanochemistry (or mechanical chemistry) is the initiation of chemical reactions by mechanical phenomena. Mechanochemistry thus represents a fourth way to cause chemical reactions, complementing thermal reactions in fluids, photochemistry, and electrochemistry.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanochemistry
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Learning Objectives. Why quantum mechanics is needed; that is, what things classical mechanics does not describe correctly. How quantum and classical descriptions can sometimes agree and when they will not. How certain questions can only be asked when classical mechanics applies, not when quantum mechanics is needed.
- 11.3: Operators and Quantum Mechanics
We have already discussed that the main postulate of quantum...
- Quantum Mechanics
Quantum Mechanics. When things are small, very light, or...
- 11.3: Operators and Quantum Mechanics
- Overview
- Basic considerations
quantum mechanics, science dealing with the behaviour of matter and light on the atomic and subatomic scale. It attempts to describe and account for the properties of molecules and atoms and their constituents—electrons, protons, neutrons, and other more esoteric particles such as quarks and gluons. These properties include the interactions of the particles with one another and with electromagnetic radiation (i.e., light, X-rays, and gamma rays).
The behaviour of matter and radiation on the atomic scale often seems peculiar, and the consequences of quantum theory are accordingly difficult to understand and to believe. Its concepts frequently conflict with common-sense notions derived from observations of the everyday world. There is no reason, however, why the behaviour of the atomic world should conform to that of the familiar, large-scale world. It is important to realize that quantum mechanics is a branch of physics and that the business of physics is to describe and account for the way the world—on both the large and the small scale—actually is and not how one imagines it or would like it to be.
At a fundamental level, both radiation and matter have characteristics of particles and waves. The gradual recognition by scientists that radiation has particle-like properties and that matter has wavelike properties provided the impetus for the development of quantum mechanics. Influenced by Newton, most physicists of the 18th century believed that light consisted of particles, which they called corpuscles. From about 1800, evidence began to accumulate for a wave theory of light. At about this time Thomas Young showed that, if monochromatic light passes through a pair of slits, the two emerging beams interfere, so that a fringe pattern of alternately bright and dark bands appears on a screen. The bands are readily explained by a wave theory of light. According to the theory, a bright band is produced when the crests (and troughs) of the waves from the two slits arrive together at the screen; a dark band is produced when the crest of one wave arrives at the same time as the trough of the other, and the effects of the two light beams cancel. Beginning in 1815, a series of experiments by Augustin-Jean Fresnel of France and others showed that, when a parallel beam of light passes through a single slit, the emerging beam is no longer parallel but starts to diverge; this phenomenon is known as diffraction. Given the wavelength of the light and the geometry of the apparatus (i.e., the separation and widths of the slits and the distance from the slits to the screen), one can use the wave theory to calculate the expected pattern in each case; the theory agrees precisely with the experimental data.
Britannica Quiz
Quantum chemistry, also called molecular quantum mechanics, is a branch of physical chemistry focused on the application of quantum mechanics to chemical systems, particularly towards the quantum-mechanical calculation of electronic contributions to physical and chemical properties of molecules, materials, and solutions at the atomic level. [1]
We have already discussed that the main postulate of quantum mechanics establishes that the state of a quantum mechanical system is specified by a function called the wavefunction. The wavefunction is a function of the coordinates of the particle (the position) and time.
Jan 30, 2023 · Quantum Mechanics. When things are small, very light, or both, then the classical perspective or paradigm we know and love breaks down and funky unexpected results occur. This is the quantum world where the rules of ….
Mechanochemistry (or mechanical chemistry) is the initiation of chemical reactions by mechanical phenomena. Mechanochemistry thus represents a fourth way to cause chemical reactions, complementing thermal reactions in fluids, photochemistry, and electrochemistry.
Jun 28, 2023 · This book helps readers grasp the essential quantum mechanical principles and results that serve as the foundation of modern chemistry and become knowledgeable in major methods of computational chemistry and spectroscopic experiments being conducted by present-day researchers.
