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Jun 4, 2020 · Abstract. The New Evolutionary Sociology offers a comprehensive review of the history of evolutionary analysis in sociology that demonstrates its present value ‘once old biases and prejudices are mitigated and, eventually, eliminated’ (p. 14). In the book’s first part, the authors highlight the prominence of evolution in the theorizing of ...
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Aug 25, 2022 · Certain cultural norms also survive and reproduce better than competing norms, causing culture to evolve in a track parallel to and usually much faster than genetic evolution. The quicker the pace of cultural evolution, the looser the connection between genes and culture, although the connection is never completely broken. (E. O.
- Wing Chung Ho
Dec 3, 2021 · The Oxford Handbook of Evolution, Biology, and Society explores a growing area within sociology: research that uses theory and/or methods from biology. The essays in this handbook integrate current research from all strands of this new and developing area. The first section of this book has essays that address the history of the use of method ...
Two main approaches characterize current evolutionary thinking in sociology: sociobiological explanations, and coevolutionary accounts of the interaction of genes and culture. Evolution through natural selection can occur with genes, cultural elements, and any other self-replicating codes. Although social learning is the cultural analogue of ...
- Thomas Dietz, Tom R. Burns, Federick H. Buttel
- 1990
- Is Functionalism Really Dead, Or Just Misunderstood?
- Stage Models of Human Evolution
- Inter-Societal Models
- Inter-Societal Models in Geo-Economic Approaches
- Inter-Societal Models of Geo-Politics
- Ecological Models of Societal Dynamics
- Urban Ecology
- Organizational Ecology
- New Macro-Level Ecological Analysis
- Sociobiology and Evolutionary Psychology
Early sociological theorizing on evolutionary dynamics was decidedly functional, especially in the work of Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, and Emile Durkheim. However, later critics of functionalisms’ dramatically overstated the intent of these theorists to explain the evolution of societies in terms of the functional needs and requisitesthat parti...
Stage models of societal evolution were abandoned in sociology because they treated non-Western societies as somehow “primitive” and because they tended to emphasize that evolution represents “progress” to an end of history, personified by western societies. These criticisms were overdrawnFootnote 1for sociologists such as Spencer and Durkheim, alt...
One criticism of stage models is that they focus mostly on the structure and culture of one society, or sets of societies that have evolved to a particular stage. Increasingly, sociologists came to view—as had Spencer and Weber decades earlier (Turner and McCafree 2021)—that any given society is connected to other societies; and moreover, it is not...
have focused on the emergence of capitalism as a world-level force generating a particular pattern of relations among societies. Early formulations by Immanuel Wallerstein distinguished among the core, periphery, and semi-periphery as the basic structure of a world economic system, with the core being the dominant and most economically developed en...
have begun to re-emerge after a period of domination by geo-economic world systems analysis. Geo-political models had been pushed aside under the assumption that dominant economic powers use their economic dominance in world markets to control other societies. Historically, of course, the reverse was often the case, and world systems theorists’ foc...
Emile Durkheim’s (1893: 267) analysis of the forces behind societal differentiation and the increase in the divisions of labor (a kind of “social speciation”) borrowed imagery from Darwin’s notion of natural selection: increasing size of a population increases density (moral and material) leading to competition for resources that, in turn, leda to ...
Early work by Chicago School sociologists led to a vision of Chicago and, by inference, other urban areas as an organic whole (a la the “web of life” metaphor) but more Darwinian ideas were also introduced, particularly the notion that actors (individuals and corporate units) engage in different activities and, thereby, compete for the resources av...
Two students--Hannan and Freeman (1977)-- of Amos Hawley, who had moved from Chicago to North Carolina, extended the ecological model to organizations in a much more self-conscious effort than urban ecology to adopt ideas from biology to sociology. Organizations were seen as resource-seeking entities with populations of organization seeking similar...
As ecological theorizing gained in visibility, it was perhaps inevitable that theorists would begin to move such analysis to a more macro level of social organization typical of Spencer and Durkheim in the nineteenth century and, moreover, to recombine it with stage models of societal evolution. Since anthropologists had not abandoned stage modelin...
As stage-modeling and functionalism returned to sociology in the 1960s, and then as organizational ecology re-invigorated ecological analysis in the late 1970s, evolutionary analysis in biology began to enter the social sciences, seeking to explain patterns and rates of behaviors as they affect patterns of social organization from a new biological ...
- Jonathan H Turner, Russell K Schutt, Matcheri S Keshavan
- 2020
Richard Machalek is a professor of sociology at the University of Wyoming in Laramie. He conducts research on and writes about the evolution of social behavior among a number of species, including humans.
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Apr 9, 2019 · Despite long-standing prejudices against doing so, it is time for sociology to reconnect with its roots in biological and evolutionary thinking. Sociology emerged as a discipline when the notion of evolution was actively used in biology, geology, and emerging social sciences. Throughout the nineteenth century, many of the most prominent early European sociologists examined the social universe ...
