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- Dictionaryenlightenment/ɪnˈlʌɪtənm(ə)nt/
noun
- 1. the action of enlightening or the state of being enlightened: "Robbie looked to me for enlightenment"
- 2. a European intellectual movement of the late 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason and individualism rather than tradition. It was heavily influenced by 17th-century philosophers such as Descartes, Locke, and Newton, and its prominent figures included Kant, Goethe, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Adam Smith.
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21 hours ago · Another definition characterizes philosophy as thinking about thinking to emphasize its self-critical, reflective nature. [31] A further approach presents philosophy as a linguistic therapy. According to Ludwig Wittgenstein , for instance, philosophy aims at dispelling misunderstandings to which humans are susceptible due to the confusing structure of ordinary language .
21 hours ago · For example, the matter of a house is the bricks, stones, timbers, etc., or whatever constitutes the potential house, while the form of the substance is the actual house, namely 'covering for bodies and chattels' or any other differentia that let us define something as a house. The formula that gives the components is the account of the matter, and the formula that gives the differentia is the ...
21 hours ago · Newton's edition of Milton was a culmination of the honour bestowed upon Milton by early Enlightenment thinkers; it may also have been prompted by Richard Bentley's infamous edition, described above. Samuel Johnson wrote numerous essays on Paradise Lost, and Milton was included in his Lives of the Most Eminent English Poets (1779–1781).
21 hours ago · [192] However, though seemingly contradictorily, he also wrote in the latter work that human reason "strives not against faith, when enlightened, but rather furthers and advances it", [193] bringing claims he was a fideist into dispute. Contemporary Lutheran scholarship, however, has found a different reality in Luther.
21 hours ago · Indeed, Romanticism may be seen in part as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, [82] though it was also a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment, as well a reaction against the scientific rationalisation of nature. [83]
21 hours ago · The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".
21 hours ago · The term karma (Sanskrit: कर्म; Pali: kamma) refers to both the executed 'deed, work, action, act' and the 'object, intent'. [3]Wilhelm Halbfass (2000) explains karma (karman) by contrasting it with the Sanskrit word kriya: [3] whereas kriya is the activity along with the steps and effort in action, karma is (1) the executed action as a consequence of that activity, as well as (2) the ...
