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The Karl-Fischer reagent is placed into the cathode and anode compartment of the titration cell with diaphragm. The coulometer is started and the solvent is titrated dry. After preliminary titration and stabilisation of drift the sample is injected into the titration cell with a syringe (exact sample weight determination by weighing of syringe before and after injection) and the water ...
The electrometric method, whether by direct titration or back-titration, is the more accurate one and for this reason recommended. The principle of the test consists in reaction of any water present in a test portion with a solution of iodine and sulphur dioxide in a pyridine/methanol mixture (Karl Fischer reagent), previously standardized by ...
The Karl-Fischer reagent is placed into the cathode and anode compartment of the titration cell with diaphragm. The coulometer is started and the solvent is titrated dry. After preliminary titration and stabilisation of drift the sample is added from a weighing boat (exact sample weight determination by weighing of weighing boat before and after addition) and the titration is started.
This monograph first describes the basics of Karl Fischer titration. It covers not only the KF reagents, chemical reactions, volumetric and coulometric titration as well as the different detection methods, but also deals with aspects such as interfering side reactions and sample preparation techniques.The second part of the monograph contains detailed procedures for the determination of water ...
The titrant can either be added directly to the sample by a burette (volumetry) or generated electrochemically in the titration cell (coulometry). The coulometric titration is mainly employed for the water determination according to Karl Fischer when the content is very low, e.g. smaller than 50-100 ppm (0.005-0.01%). Top of page.
The Karl Fischer titration is used in many different ways following its publication in 1935 and further applications are continually being explored. At the present time we are experiencing another phase of expansion, as shown by the development of new titration equipment and new reagents. KF equipment increasingly incorporates microprocessors ...
Karl Fischer titration is used for many substances as a reference method, and is a chemical analysis based on the oxidation of sulfur dioxide by iodine in a methanolic hydroxide solution. In principle, the following chemical reaction takes place: H 2 O + I 2 + SO 2 + CH 3 OH + 3RN -> [RNH]SO 4 CH 3 + 2[RNH]I The titration can be performed volumetrically or coulometrically.
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